Question 1

Hereditary information is stored in

Accepted Answer

Hereditary information is stored in DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid). DNA is a molecule that contains the instructions for an organism's development and characteristics.

Question 2

The monomer unit for DNA is the

Accepted Answer

The monomer unit for DNA is the nucleotide, which consists of a deoxyribose sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base.

Question 3

How many carbons are present in deoxyribose?

Accepted Answer

Deoxyribose is a five-carbon sugar, which is a component of the backbone of DNA.

Question 4

How are the carbons in deoxyribose labeled?

Accepted Answer

In deoxyribose, the carbons are labeled with a prime (') to distinguish them from the carbons in the nitrogenous base of nucleotides.

Question 5

What are the four nucleotide bases in DNA?

Accepted Answer

The four nucleotide bases in DNA are adenine, thymine, guanine, and cytosine. Uracil is found in RNA, not DNA.

Question 6

Which of the following nucleotide bases is a purine?

Accepted Answer

Adenine is a purine, which is a type of nitrogenous base found in DNA and RNA.

Question 7

Where do new nucleotide add to a DNA strand in the synthesis of a new double helix DNA?

Accepted Answer

New nucleotides are added to the 3'-end of a DNA strand during DNA synthesis, as DNA polymerases can only add nucleotides to the 3' hydroxyl group of the growing DNA strand.

Question 8

The backbone of DNA is an alternating sequence of

Accepted Answer

The backbone of DNA consists of an alternating sequence of deoxyribose sugar and phosphate groups.

Question 9

Which bacterium was used to demonstrate that DNA stores hereditary information?

Accepted Answer

The bacterium used to demonstrate that DNA stores hereditary information was Streptococcus pneumoniae, commonly referred to as pneumococcus, in the experiments conducted by Frederick Griffith and later by Avery, MacLeod, and McCarty.

Question 10

What did Oswald Avery and colleagues identify as the "transforming principle" that changed the pneumococcus R strain into the S strain that causes pneumonia?

Accepted Answer

Oswald Avery and his colleagues identified DNA as the "transforming principle" that could change the non-virulent R strain of pneumococcus into the virulent S strain, demonstrating that DNA carries genetic information.

Question 11

What technique did Linus Pauling bring to determining molecular structures?

Accepted Answer

Linus Pauling is well-known for using the technique of building molecular models to determine molecular structures, which helped him visualize and understand the spatial arrangement of atoms in molecules.

Question 12

What technique did Rosalind Franklin use to visualize the structure of DNA?

Accepted Answer

Rosalind Franklin used X-ray diffraction experiments to visualize the structure of DNA, which provided critical insights into its helical structure.

Question 13

In an X-ray diffraction experiment a sample is placed in the path of X-rays. What is seen on the photographic film?

Accepted Answer

A diffraction pattern is seen on the photographic film because the X-rays are scattered by the atoms in the sample, and the scattered X-rays interfere with each other to produce a pattern of bright and dark spots.

Question 14

Who performed the initial x-ray diffraction experiments on DNA?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Who performed the initial x-ray diffraction experiments...

Question 15

Who discovered that DNA existed in two structural varieties?

Accepted Answer

Rosalind Franklin discovered that DNA existed in two structural varieties through her X-ray diffraction images, which were crucial in understanding the DNA structure.

Question 16

Who used the best quality X-ray photograph (Photo 51) to determine the structure of DNA?

Accepted Answer

Watson and Crick used Rosalind Franklin's Photo 51, which was taken by her and her student Raymond Gosling, to determine the double helix structure of DNA.

Question 17

Nucleotide bases form pairs within the interior of the double strand helix of DNA. Which of the following shows a correct base pair?

Accepted Answer

Adenine pairs with thymine in DNA through two hydrogen bonds, following the base pairing rules.

Question 18

Nucleotide bases form pairs within the interior of the double strand helix of DNA. Which of the following shows a correct base pair?

Accepted Answer

In DNA, guanine pairs with cytosine through three hydrogen bonds, forming a stable base pair.

Question 19

The best quality X-ray photograph of DNA revealed how many polynucleotide strands?

Accepted Answer

The best quality X-ray photograph of DNA, famously known as Photo 51, revealed that DNA is composed of two polynucleotide strands, forming a double helix structure.

Question 20

Why is it important that the two DNA strands in the double helix are antiparallel?

Accepted Answer

The antiparallel orientation allows the nitrogenous bases on each strand to align properly for hydrogen bonding, which is crucial for the stability and function of the DNA double helix.

Quiz 12: DNA: The Molecule of Heredity

Hereditary information is stored in

The monomer unit for DNA is the

How many carbons are present in deoxyribose?

How are the carbons in deoxyribose labeled?

What are the four nucleotide bases in DNA?

Which of the following nucleotide bases is a purine?

Where do new nucleotide add to a DNA strand in the synthesis of a new double helix DNA?

The backbone of DNA is an alternating sequence of

Which bacterium was used to demonstrate that DNA stores hereditary information?

What did Oswald Avery and colleagues identify as the "transforming principle" that changed the pneumococcus R strain into the S strain that causes pneumonia?

What technique did Linus Pauling bring to determining molecular structures?

What technique did Rosalind Franklin use to visualize the structure of DNA?

In an X-ray diffraction experiment a sample is placed in the path of X-rays. What is seen on the photographic film?

Who performed the initial x-ray diffraction experiments on DNA?

Who discovered that DNA existed in two structural varieties?

Who used the best quality X-ray photograph (Photo 51) to determine the structure of DNA?

Nucleotide bases form pairs within the interior of the double strand helix of DNA. Which of the following shows a correct base pair?

Nucleotide bases form pairs within the interior of the double strand helix of DNA. Which of the following shows a correct base pair?

The best quality X-ray photograph of DNA revealed how many polynucleotide strands?

Why is it important that the two DNA strands in the double helix are antiparallel?