Question 1

What does your body need oxygen for?

Accepted Answer

Cells use oxygen to produce energy through a process called cellular respiration.

Question 2

What is the goal of blood doping?

Accepted Answer

Blood doping aims to increase the number of red blood cells, thereby enhancing the blood's ability to carry oxygen, which improves endurance.

Question 3

How does blood doping work?

Accepted Answer

Blood doping involves extracting, storing, and reinjecting red blood cells to increase the number of red blood cells in the bloodstream, thereby enhancing oxygen uptake and endurance.

Question 4

When you are at rest, about how long does it take for all your blood to circulate once through your body?

Accepted Answer

At rest, it typically takes about 1 minute for blood to circulate through the entire body.

Question 5

How does the breathing rate of an adult doing strenuous activity compare to that of a world class athlete doing strenuous activity?

Accepted Answer

The answer of How does the breathing rate of an...

Question 6

Why is the protein hemoglobin necessary for successful circulation of oxygen?

Accepted Answer

Hemoglobin is necessary because it binds easily with oxygen, allowing red blood cells to transport sufficient oxygen to meet the demands of cells throughout the body.

Question 7

About how many liters of blood do you have, and how much oxygen does it normally carry per liter?

Accepted Answer

The average adult human has about 5 liters of blood, and each liter can carry approximately 200 milliliters of oxygen.

Question 8

Both regular athletic training and blood doping increase the oxygen capacity of the blood. How do they do this?

Accepted Answer

Both regular athletic training and blood doping increase the oxygen capacity of the blood by increasing the red blood cell count, which enhances the blood's ability to carry oxygen.

Question 9

Which of the following is the sequence of vessels the blood follows as it circulates?

Accepted Answer

Blood circulates from the heart through arteries, then to capillaries where exchange occurs, then through veins back to the heart.

Question 10

Which part of the heart pumps "used" blood back to the lungs to be reoxygenated?

Accepted Answer

The right ventricle pumps deoxygenated blood to the lungs via the pulmonary arteries for reoxygenation.

Question 11

Why is it important that arteries are thicker than veins?

Accepted Answer

Arteries are thicker than veins because they need to withstand and accommodate the higher pressure of blood being pumped directly from the heart.

Question 12

Other than in the heart, where are there valves in the circulatory system, and what purpose do they serve?

Accepted Answer

Valves in the veins prevent the backflow of blood, ensuring it moves towards the heart.

Question 13

What is the purpose of the sphincters where the arterioles branch into the capillary beds?

Accepted Answer

Sphincters at the arterioles control blood flow into capillary beds, directing blood to areas where it is most needed based on the body's activities and needs.

Question 14

What is blood mostly made of?

Accepted Answer

Plasma is the liquid component of blood that makes up about 55% of its volume. It contains water, electrolytes, proteins, hormones, and waste products.

Question 15

What path does oxygen follow when you inhale?

Accepted Answer

Oxygen enters the body through the nose or mouth and travels down the trachea, or windpipe. The trachea branches into two bronchi, which lead to the lungs. Inside the lungs, the bronchi divide into smaller and smaller airways called bronchioles. The bronchioles end in tiny air sacs called alveoli. The alveoli are where oxygen from the air diffuses into the bloodstream.

Question 16

The large surface area of the alveoli allows for efficient diffusion of oxygen and removal of carbon dioxide from the blood. What is the approximate surface area of the alveoli?

Accepted Answer

The approximate surface area of the alveoli in the human lungs is about 70 square meters, which facilitates efficient gas exchange.

Question 17

Oxygen uptake is limited by the surface area of the alveoli in the lungs. True or False?

Accepted Answer

Oxygen uptake is primarily limited by the capacity of the blood to carry oxygen, which depends on factors like hemoglobin levels, rather than the diffusion rate from the lungs.

Question 18

What primarily pumps the lungs for inhalation and exhalation?

Accepted Answer

The diaphragm, along with the intercostal muscles between the ribs, plays a crucial role in the process of inhalation and exhalation by changing the pressure in the thoracic cavity.

Question 19

Your mouth and nose meet at the back of your throat which leads to the trachea. This allows the possibility of choking if something blocks your trachea. Is this a bad design?

Accepted Answer

The design allows you to breathe while eating, which is essential for survival, although it does come with the risk of choking.

Question 20

What is the purpose of the epiglottis?

Accepted Answer

The epiglottis is a flap of tissue that covers the trachea during swallowing to prevent food and liquid from entering the airway, thus preventing choking.

Quiz 12: Circulation and Respiration