Question 1

The _______ is one measure of economic inequality.

Accepted Answer

The Gini coefficient is a measure of economic inequality. It is a number between 0 and 1, where 0 represents perfect equality and 1 represents perfect inequality.

Question 2

Today, people in American society are far less equal than people in which of the following countries?

Accepted Answer

American society is generally considered to have higher levels of income inequality compared to countries like Japan, Sweden, and Germany, which have more egalitarian social and economic systems.

Question 3

Inequality levels in the United States are now _______ the inequality levels of the most unequal country in the world than the most equal.

Accepted Answer

Inequality levels in the United States are closer to those of the most unequal countries in the world, as the U.S. has significant income and wealth disparities compared to more equal countries.

Question 4

_______ is the idea that citizens should have roughly equal economic circumstances.

Accepted Answer

The answer of _______ is the idea that citizens should...

Question 5

_______ is the idea that a society should guarantee not just opportunity but also results. Some nations, for example, reserve a minimum number of seats in the national legislature for women or members of specific ethnic groups.

Accepted Answer

Equal outcome refers to the concept where a society ensures not only equal opportunities but also equal results, such as reserving seats for certain groups to ensure representation.

Question 6

Inequality has spiked over the past _______ years.

Accepted Answer

Inequality has significantly increased over the past thirty-five years, particularly since the 1980s, due to various economic and policy changes.

Question 7

Today, American politics emphasizes which of the following over equality?

Accepted Answer

Negative liberty emphasizes freedom from interference by others, which is often prioritized in American politics over equality.

Question 8

In the 1630s, a large contingent of _______ sailed to New England with an ambitious aim: to establish a biblical commonwealth that would serve as a Christian model for the rest of the world.

Accepted Answer

The Puritans sailed to New England in the 1630s to establish a society based on their religious beliefs, aiming to create a model Christian community.

Question 9

Governor John Winthrop referred to the New England settlement that he helped to found as "a city upon a hill." Why did he use this phrase?

Accepted Answer

Winthrop used the phrase "a city upon a hill" to express his vision of the New England settlement as a model of Christian virtue and morality that others would look up to and emulate.

Question 10

As most nations grow wealthier, their religious fervor wanes. People in which of the following countries tell pollsters that God is not very important in their lives?

Accepted Answer

In wealthier nations like Britain, France, and Japan, there is a trend of declining religious fervor, with many people indicating that God is not very important in their lives.

Question 11

Americans maintain high (and, by some measures, rising) levels of religiosity. Some _______ percent of Americans say they believe in God, almost _______ percent belong to a church, and nearly _______ percent attend church regularly.

Accepted Answer

The statistics provided in choice A are consistent with surveys and studies that show a high percentage of Americans believe in God, a significant portion belong to a church, and a substantial number attend church regularly.

Question 12

Americans have many religions to choose from. One recent survey found _______ different Christian denominations with more than a million members each.

Accepted Answer

The survey found sixteen different Christian denominations in the United States with more than a million members each.

Question 13

In America, Jews number some _______ million.

Accepted Answer

There are approximately 7 million Jews in America.

Question 14

In the United States, there are nearly _______ Muslims.

Accepted Answer

There are nearly 4 million Muslims in the United States, according to various estimates and surveys.

Question 15

In addition to Jews and Muslims, there are _______ other non-Christian groups with over 100,000 adherents each in the United States.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In addition to Jews and Muslims, there...

Question 16

Levels of religious observance are not the same throughout the United States. For example, Texas and Georgia have _______ religiosity.
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Accepted Answer

Texas and Georgia are known for having high levels of religiosity, often associated with the Bible Belt region in the United States.

Question 17

Levels of religious observance are not the same throughout the United States. For example, Florida and Missouri have _______ religiosity.

Accepted Answer

Florida and Missouri are generally considered to have medium-level religiosity compared to other states in the U.S., with some areas being more religious than others.

Question 18

Levels of religious observance are not the same throughout the United States. Which of the following states is not especially religious?

Accepted Answer

Wisconsin is generally considered less religious compared to states like Utah and Alabama, which have higher levels of religious observance.

Question 19

The _______ declares, "Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion or prohibiting the free exercise thereof."

Accepted Answer

The First Amendment to the United States Constitution states that "Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion or prohibiting the free exercise thereof."

Question 20

Which of the Founding Fathers described "a wall of separation between church and state"?

Accepted Answer

Thomas Jefferson used the phrase "a wall of separation between church and state" in a letter to the Danbury Baptist Association in 1802 to explain his understanding of the First Amendment's religious freedom protections.

Quiz 2: The Ideas That Shape America