Question 1

The reproductive forms and functions of the body are referred to as our

Accepted Answer

Sex refers to the biological and physiological characteristics that define humans as male or female, including reproductive forms and functions.

Question 2

The cultural expectations of how males and females should behave is

Accepted Answer

Gender refers to the roles, behaviors, and expectations that society considers appropriate for men and women.

Question 3

The early anthropologist who wrote the book Sex and Temperament in Three Primitive Societies and was the first to distinguish between biological sex and gender roles was

Accepted Answer

Margaret Mead was the early anthropologist who wrote "Sex and Temperament in Three Primitive Societies" and distinguished between biological sex and gender roles.

Question 4

Individuals who diverge from the male-female norm and exhibit sexual organs and functions somewhere between, including both male and female, are called

Accepted Answer

Intersexed individuals have biological characteristics that do not fit typical definitions of male or female.

Question 5

Hormones are

Accepted Answer

Hormones are chemical messengers that regulate a wide range of biological functions in the body, not just sexual functioning. They influence growth, metabolism, mood, and many other processes.

Question 6

A misconception about hormones in society is that

Accepted Answer

Hormones do not directly cause specific behaviors; they influence behavior by affecting the brain and other organs, but societal and environmental factors also play a significant role.

Question 7

A number of societies have the notion that men are __________ and women are _________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A number of societies have the notion...

Question 8

Which term refers to expressions of sex and gender that diverge from the male and female norms which dominate in most societies?

Accepted Answer

Gender variance refers to expressions of sex and gender that diverge from the male and female norms which dominate in most societies.

Question 9

People everywhere establish their gender/sex identities, including normative categories like "man" or "woman," through

Accepted Answer

Gender/sex identities are often established through social performances, which involve the expression and enactment of gender roles and norms in society.

Question 10

Nádleehé are individuals who mediate conflicts in which society?

Accepted Answer

Nádleehé are part of the Navajo society, where they are recognized as individuals who embody both masculine and feminine traits and often take on roles such as mediators and healers.

Question 11

A term referring to someone to whom society assigns one gender who does not perform as that gender but has taken either permanent or temporary steps to identify as another gender is

Accepted Answer

Transgender refers to someone who does not perform as the gender assigned to them by society but has taken steps to identify as another gender.

Question 12

Indiana University biologist Dr. Alfred Kinsey conducted a series of sexuality studies during the 1940s and found that

Accepted Answer

Dr. Alfred Kinsey's studies suggested that human sexuality is not binary but exists on a continuum, meaning that people can have varying degrees of attraction to different genders.

Question 13

Anthropologist Don Kulick did ethnographic research among the travestis and believes he was accepted into their group because he identified as

Accepted Answer

Don Kulick was accepted into the travestis group because he identified as a gay man, which helped him relate to and be accepted by the community.

Question 14

As children get older, cultural influences on behavior become much stronger; and as a result, it becomes difficult, if not impossible, to isolate biological influences on what it means to be male or female.

Accepted Answer

Cultural influences on behavior increase with age, making it challenging to separate them from biological factors in gender identity.

Question 15

Sex is a simple product of nature and biology.

Accepted Answer

Sex is a complex product of nature and biology, involving both physical and psychological factors.

Question 16

All feminist anthropologists agree that women's subordination is a human universal.

Accepted Answer

Feminist anthropologists have diverse perspectives, and not all agree that women's subordination is a human universal. Some argue that gender roles and power dynamics vary significantly across different cultures and historical contexts.

Question 17

In many societies, some people live their lives as neither male nor female.

Accepted Answer

Many cultures recognize non-binary or third-gender identities, where individuals may not identify strictly as male or female.

Question 18

Cisgender refers to someone whose gender identity aligns with their biological sex at birth as male or female.

Accepted Answer

Cisgender is a term used to describe individuals whose gender identity matches the sex they were assigned at birth, meaning they identify as the gender typically associated with their biological sex.

Question 19

Sex-assignment surgery is important because it

Accepted Answer

Sex-assignment surgery highlights how "sex" is not solely a biological phenomenon but is also influenced by cultural and social constructs, as it involves altering bodies to fit societal norms of gender.

Question 20

When anthropologists observe that the roots of female subordination lay in the distinction all societies make between nature and culture, they are taking which theoretical approach?

Accepted Answer

The structural approach in anthropology often examines how cultural structures, such as the nature-culture dichotomy, influence social roles and hierarchies, including gender roles and female subordination.

Quiz 11: Gender, Sex, and Sexuality: the Fluidity of Maleness and Femaleness