Question 1

The scarcity of human milk banks in North America results from all of the following EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

The availability of wet nurses is not a reason for the scarcity of human milk banks in North America. Wet nurses are not a reliable and sustainable option for providing breast milk for premature or sick infants, which are the primary beneficiaries of milk banks. The other options listed (B, C, and D) are valid reasons for the scarcity of milk banks, as they pose significant health risks for donors and recipients of donor milk.

Question 2

Which of the following is considered a benefit of breastfeeding a preterm infant?

Accepted Answer

Breast milk is specifically formulated for preterm infants and contains higher amounts of protein, fat, and lactose to support their growth and development. Breast milk also contains DHA, an omega-3 fatty acid that has been linked to improved visual acuity in preterm infants. Therefore, all of the options listed are considered benefits of breastfeeding a preterm infant.

Question 3

Breast milk jaundice is believed to be caused by _____.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Breast milk jaundice is believed to be...

Question 4

Your best friend had a baby 3 months ago and is anxious to go "out on the town" with her friends.She is still breastfeeding,but would like to be able to have some drinks.What advice would you give her?

Accepted Answer

Pumping milk before going out and using that milk until the alcohol has been cleared from the system is the safest option. It usually takes around two hours for one standard drink to be eliminated from the body, so it is important to wait a sufficient amount of time before nursing again. Drinking alcohol can also decrease milk production and harm the baby's development, so it is important to be cautious while breastfeeding.

Question 5

Which of the following would be considered a minor risk factor for severe hyperbilirubinemia?

Accepted Answer

Male gender is considered a minor risk factor for severe hyperbilirubinemia, as it has been observed that male infants are slightly more prone to developing jaundice compared to female infants.

Question 6

Milk banks store donated milk in plastic containers because it _____.

Accepted Answer

Plastic containers are used by milk banks to keep white blood cells found in breast milk intact. Glass containers may break and damage the white blood cells, which are important for protecting the infant's immune system. Shipping and cost are not the primary reasons for using plastic containers, and expressing milk into plastic containers is not necessarily easier than glass.

Question 7

The purpose of a human milk bank is to:

Accepted Answer

The purpose of a human milk bank is to provide human milk to infants who cannot be breastfed by their mothers (option B) and to provide a place to donate milk for women whose supply exceeds the demands of their own infants (option A). Option C is not a valid purpose for a human milk bank. Therefore, the best choice is E, which includes only options A and B.

Question 8

A lactation consultant is observing a new mom breastfeeding and notices that the baby is making smacking and clicking sounds as she sucks.This tells her that:

Accepted Answer

Smacking and clicking sounds often indicate that the baby is not latched on correctly and is not properly creating a seal around the nipple. This may increase the risk of sore nipples for the mother and can lead to feeding difficulties for the baby. The lactation consultant should work with the mother to adjust the baby's latch and ensure proper suction during feeding.

Question 9

The energy content of breast milk in women who deliver pre-term infants is _____.

Accepted Answer

The energy content of breast milk in women who deliver pre-term infants is typically higher than in those who deliver full-term infants, ranging from 58-70 kcal/100 mL. This higher energy content is important for the growth and development of pre-term infants who require more calories and nutrients to support their rapid growth.

Question 10

Once growth is established in preterm infants,the infants' nutritional needs exceed the content of human milk for which of the following nutrients?

Accepted Answer

Once growth is established in preterm infants, their nutritional needs exceed the content of human milk for phosphorus, calcium, vitamin D, and vitamin C. Therefore, all of the above options (A, B, C, and D) are correct.

Question 11

What nutrition interventions are recommended for management of early jaundice?

Accepted Answer

Early and frequent breastfeeding is recommended as it helps to promote increased bowel movements, which helps to eliminate the bilirubin that causes jaundice. IV and formula feedings are not necessary unless the infant is unable to breastfeed or is not receiving enough milk. Dextrose feedings are not typically used for the management of jaundice.

Question 12

A new mother goes to the mall shopping with her friends.She is gone longer than planned and is not able to nurse her baby until she returns 6 hours later.What is the most likely problem she will have?

Accepted Answer

Engorgement is the most likely problem the new mother will have after not nursing her baby for 6 hours. Engorgement is when the breasts become overly full and tender due to milk buildup, and it can lead to difficulty with breastfeeding if not relieved. The other options tend to occur with more prolonged or specific issues with breastfeeding.

Question 13

What is a possible reason that breastfeeding may prevent allergies?

Accepted Answer

Breastfeeding may prevent allergies through multiple mechanisms. Breast milk contains agents that can influence the gut microbial flora, such as bifidobacteria, which has been shown to reduce the risk of allergies. Breast milk also contains maternal immunity, including immunoglobulin A (IgA), which can help protect the infant from developing allergies. Additionally, breast milk contains maternal fatty acids and other immune factors that may also contribute to preventing allergies. Finally, breast milk has low levels of allergens compared to formula, which can reduce the risk of developing allergies. Therefore, all of the above mechanisms may contribute to breastfeeding's ability to prevent allergies.

Question 14

Common pediatric allergens include all of the following EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

Oats are not one of the most common allergens in pediatric patients. The other four choices are known to be common allergens in this population.

Question 15

What advice would be helpful for a first-time mom who would like to know how to prevent a decrease in milk production?

Accepted Answer

All of the listed advice would be helpful in preventing a decrease in milk production. Relaxing and avoiding stress can help increase milk production, breastfeeding or pumping frequently signals the body to produce more milk, and completely emptying the breasts at each feeding helps ensure that the body knows to produce more milk. Therefore, all of the advice should be followed.

Question 16

The total bilirubin content of an infant's meconium is _____.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The total bilirubin content of an infant's...

Question 17

If nursing mothers want to store expressed milk in a refrigerator,what should the temperature setting be?

Accepted Answer

Breast milk should be stored in a refrigerator at a temperature of 39 degrees F or lower to ensure it remains safe for consumption.

Question 18

Factors contributing to the rate of transmission of HIV from the mother to an infant while breastfeeding include all of the following EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

All the listed factors (A, B, C, D) contribute to the rate of HIV transmission from mother to infant during breastfeeding.

Question 19

How many hours can freshly expressed breast milk be left at room temperature and still be considered safe for a baby?

Accepted Answer

The answer of How many hours can freshly expressed breast...

Question 20

Large doses of St.John's wort decrease prolactin levels in women.This could potentially:

Accepted Answer

Prolactin is the hormone responsible for stimulating lactation and milk production in women. Decreasing prolactin levels can lead to a reduction in breast milk supply. Therefore, large doses of St. John's wort can potentially reduce breast milk supply.

Quiz 7: Nutrition During Lactation: Conditions and Interventions

The scarcity of human milk banks in North America results from all of the following EXCEPT: