Question 1

______ is the process of defining the concepts researchers are interested in measuring.

Accepted Answer

Measurement is the process of defining the concepts researchers are interested in measuring.

Question 2

______ is the working definition a researcher uses for a concept.

Accepted Answer

A conceptual definition is the working definition a researcher uses for a concept, providing a clear and precise explanation of what the concept means in the context of the study.

Question 3

What is the process of defining the exact way you plan to measure the concept?

Accepted Answer

Operationalization is the process of defining the exact way you plan to measure a concept, turning abstract concepts into measurable observations.

Question 4

Which of the following might be an operational definition of the concept of eating a lollypop?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following might be an...

Question 5

Which level of measurement is defined by a variable's attributes or characteristics?

Accepted Answer

Nominal level of measurement is defined by a variable's attributes or characteristics.

Question 6

Which of the following levels of measurement are variables that are assigned a numerical value?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following levels of measurement...

Question 7

Which of the following levels of measurement can be logically ranked?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following levels of measurement...

Question 8

Which level of measurement has both variables and a true zero value?

Accepted Answer

The ratio level of measurement has both variables and a true zero value, allowing for meaningful comparisons of absolute magnitudes.

Question 9

What does a true zero value mean?

Accepted Answer

A true zero value means that the zero has a real, meaningful interpretation, indicating the absence of the quantity being measured.

Question 10

A mother takes her son's temperature repeatedly throughout the day to see whether his fever is improving. What level of measurement is she using?

Accepted Answer

The answer of A mother takes her son's temperature repeatedly...

Question 11

Researchers ask a subject if they are currently pregnant. What level of measurement is used in this scenario?

Accepted Answer

The question about pregnancy is a categorical variable with two possible responses: "yes" or "no," which is best represented by the nominal level of measurement.

Question 12

A Likert-type scale (e.g., asking if someone is not satisfied, a little satisfied, satisfied, or very satisfied with their cable service) is an example of which measurement level?

Accepted Answer

A Likert-type scale is an ordinal scale because it reflects a rank order of satisfaction levels without assuming equal intervals between the levels.

Question 13

How does a researcher choose which level of measurement to use?

Accepted Answer

Researchers choose the level of measurement based on the nature of the data they are studying and the type of information they need to gather, ensuring it aligns with their research objectives.

Question 14

______occurs when there is a pattern to the error.

Accepted Answer

Systematic error occurs when there is a consistent, predictable pattern to the error, often due to a flaw in the measurement system or process.

Question 15

When systematic error is caused by the participant providing the same response to all or most of all the items on a measure, this is referred to as a ______.

Accepted Answer

A response set is a systematic error where participants provide the same or similar responses to all or most items on a measure, often due to a pattern or bias in responding.

Question 16

An ______ set is the tendency of person to response in a positive manner to a question regardless of the question being asked.

Accepted Answer

An acquiescent response is when a person tends to agree or respond positively to questions regardless of the content, often to please the questioner or avoid conflict.

Question 17

Why might a person tell a toothpaste company that they love toothpaste when they do not?

Accepted Answer

Social desirability bias occurs when individuals provide responses they believe will be viewed favorably by others, rather than their true feelings.

Question 18

People with diabetes are more likely than nondiabetics to know how much sugar content is in a stick of gum. What is this outcome called?

Accepted Answer

This outcome is called recall bias, where individuals with a condition (like diabetes) may remember or report information differently than those without the condition.

Question 19

What may occur due to the Hawthorne effect?

Accepted Answer

The Hawthorne effect refers to changes in behavior that occur when individuals know they are being observed, such as abusive parents being less likely to hit their child when they know they are being watched.

Question 20

Inter-rater reliability is defined as the degree of agreement between the ______.

Accepted Answer

Inter-rater reliability refers to the level of agreement or consistency between different raters or observers assessing the same phenomenon.

Quiz 5: Measurement