Developmental and Life Course Theories Examine

Developmental and life course theories examine:

A) the onset, maintenance, and desistance of criminal behavior.
B) how celerity, certainty, and severity affect criminal behavior.
C) how motivated offenders, suitable targets, and the absence of capable guardians result in crime.
D) how the emergence of law and activities of the criminal justice system perpetuate the crime problem.
E) how the phases of the moon affect crime.