The Integrative Tradition in Criminology

The integrative tradition in criminology:

A) has a long history dating back to the 19th century.
B) made great use of biological and psychological explanations but neglected sociology.
C) has received a great deal of criticism despite appearing to be a logical step in theory development.
D) emerged during the 1980s and 1990s, a time when criminological theories were developing very rapidly.
E) all of the above.