To confirm causality, a researcher analyzes the data to verify that any change in an independent variable occurs prior to a corresponding change in the outcome variable. What is this type of verification called?
A) empirical analysis
B) longitudinal study
C) time order
D) reverse causation

Question

Quizplus · Accepted Answer

This type of verification is called "time order," which is essential in establishing causality by ensuring that changes in the independent variable precede changes in the dependent variable.

To Confirm Causality, a Researcher Analyzes the Data to Verify