Question 1

Which of the following groups of people would meet Talcott Parson's definition of a "family of procreation"?

Accepted Answer

Talcott Parsons defined a "family of procreation" as the family unit formed when individuals marry and have children. Michelle and Barack Obama and their daughters fit this definition as a nuclear family unit created through marriage and the birth of their children.

Question 2

A group of people related by biological, legal, or emotional ties is called a

Accepted Answer

A family is defined as a group of people related by biological, legal, or emotional ties.

Question 3

Kinship systems include the words to describe relatives, the attitudes about different kinds of relatives, and the rules about

Accepted Answer

Kinship systems encompass the social rules and norms surrounding family relationships, including marriage, which dictates how individuals are related and interact within a society.

Question 4

Members of a family can share the daily tasks that are necessary for survival, including cooking, cleaning, and caring for infants. These are a few examples of how a family can provide

Accepted Answer

Sharing daily tasks like cooking, cleaning, and caring for infants are examples of social support, as they involve practical assistance and cooperation among family members.

Question 5

Sociology provides a good background for people wanting to become marriage and family therapists because of the emphasis on

Accepted Answer

Sociology focuses on the study of social relationships and institutions, which is fundamental for understanding the dynamics within marriages and families, making it a good background for those aspiring to become marriage and family therapists.

Question 6

Recent research shows that highly educated, professionally successful, and high-earning people are __________ than ever to marry one another.

Accepted Answer

Recent research indicates that individuals who are highly educated, professionally successful, and high-earning are increasingly likely to marry each other, reflecting a trend towards assortative mating based on socioeconomic status.

Question 7

This field of study's main goal is to document how family members are related to each other.

Accepted Answer

Genealogy is the study of families, family history, and the tracing of their lineages and history.

Question 8

Married couples in the United States are afforded several key rights that are not available to other couples, including all of the following EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

Married couples in the United States are subject to federal, state, and local taxes, and there is no exemption from state or local taxes specifically for married couples. Choices A, B, and D are accurate rights afforded to married couples, including Social Security survivor benefits, spousal testimonial privilege, and mandatory family coverage by insurance companies, respectively.

Question 9

Recent research on birth order effects shows that

Accepted Answer

Research indicates that while there are some correlations between birth order and personality or social outcomes, these relationships are generally modest. The specific stereotypes of first-borns being more hard-working, middle children being more loyal, or youngest children being rebellious are not consistently supported by scientific evidence. The most reliable finding is a modest relationship between birth order and certain social outcomes, like educational attainment, but even this is subject to various influencing factors beyond birth order alone.

Question 10

Research on the "second shift" of housework reveals that, in heterosexual couples,

Accepted Answer

Research on the "second shift" refers to the phenomenon where, in heterosexual couples, women tend to take on more of the household duties and childcare responsibilities after coming home from their paid jobs, indicating an unequal distribution of domestic labor.

Question 11

When compared to families in the real world, fictional media families are

Accepted Answer

Fictional media families are often portrayed with traditional family structures, making them less likely to depict single-parent households compared to the real world, where single-parent families are more common.

Question 12

Industrialization placed pressure on the extended family in several ways, including

Accepted Answer

Industrialization often led to increased residential mobility as people moved to urban areas or different locations in search of employment opportunities, which could weaken the extended family structure by separating family members.

Question 13

Recent research shows that conflicts over parenting styles impacts all members of the family and is associated with

Accepted Answer

Conflicts over parenting styles can create tension and disagreements between parents, which can strain the marital relationship, potentially leading to a higher probability of marital dissolution.

Question 14

Research clearly shows that parental conflict is associated with

Accepted Answer

Research indicates that children exposed to parental conflict often experience negative outcomes, including poorer academic achievement and an increased likelihood of engaging in substance abuse.

Question 15

Prior to 1983, when no-fault divorce laws became common among most states in the U.S., a person needed to prove that their spouse was at fault in order to divorce. The kinds of behaviors that could result in divorce included

Accepted Answer

Prior to no-fault divorce laws, grounds for divorce typically included adultery, mental illness, and substance abuse, as these were considered significant faults or wrongdoings by one spouse.

Question 16

Today, approximately what percentage of married couples get divorced each year in the United States?

Accepted Answer

The divorce rate in the United States is approximately 2% per year, reflecting the number of divorces per 100 marriages annually.

Question 17

Today, approximately what percentage of the adult population is currently divorced at any given time?

Accepted Answer

The percentage of the adult population that is currently divorced at any given time is approximately 10%. This figure can vary slightly depending on the source and the specific population being considered, but it is a commonly cited estimate.

Question 18

Long-term data shows what trend in divorce rates in the U.S.?

Accepted Answer

Divorce rates in the U.S. increased from 1960 to 1980, then gradually declined, but remain higher than in 1960.

Question 19

Most of the decline in the divorce rate since 1980 has occurred within which group?

Accepted Answer

The decline in the divorce rate since 1980 has been most pronounced among couples with more education. Educated couples tend to marry later and are more financially stable, factors that contribute to lower divorce rates.

Question 20

Regarding heterosexual couples who get divorced, which statement is true?

Accepted Answer

Wives tend to experience significantly larger declines in economic well-being than their husbands after a divorce due to factors like wage disparities, custody of children, and less access to financial resources.

Quiz 10: Marriage, Family, and the Law