Question 1

The earliest Christian missionaries encountered by the Ming dynasty were:

Accepted Answer

The answer of The earliest Christian missionaries encountered by the...

Question 2

All of the following are true about the "Rites Controversy" EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

The Rites Controversy was primarily about the Jesuits' accommodation of Chinese cultural practices, not about decrees by Chinese emperors regarding Jesuit orthodoxy.

Question 3

The education of elite women…

Accepted Answer

Elite women's education often included training in Confucian decorum, writing essays, and reciting poetry, reflecting their social status and cultural expectations.

Question 4

Which of the following is the correct chronological order?

Accepted Answer

The correct chronological order is: Founding of the Ming Dynasty (1368), founding of the Qing Dynasty (1636), establishment of Tokugawa Shogunate (1603), Shimabara Rebellion (1637-1638).

Question 5

After another doubling of its population by 1800, China moved toward what some historical demographers have called a high-level equilibrium trap, a condition in which:

Accepted Answer

The high-level equilibrium trap refers to a situation where a society or country has maximized the use of its land for agriculture or other means of sustenance, but population growth has reached a point where the land can no longer support additional people, leading to starvation or inability to further increase the population due to resource limitations.

Question 6

Dorgon crossed the Great Wall into China in 1642:

Accepted Answer

Dorgon crossed the Great Wall into China in 1642 at the invitation of a Chinese general, which was part of the complex series of events leading to the Qing dynasty's establishment and expansion into China.

Question 7

The conclusion that porcelain was the single most important commodity in the unfolding world commercial revolution between 1500 and 1800 is supported by all of the following except:

Accepted Answer

The depiction of Muhammad's face on porcelain would not support the conclusion that porcelain was the most important commodity in the world commercial revolution, as Islamic law generally prohibits the depiction of Muhammad, making this choice unrelated to the demand or significance of porcelain in global trade.

Question 8

European manufacturers of porcelain:

Accepted Answer

European manufacturers of porcelain indeed imitated Chinese designs before they were able to produce their own porcelain. This was part of the chinoiserie trend that was popular in Europe, reflecting the fascination with and influence of Chinese art and design. The correct replication of Chinese porcelain, notably by Meissen, did not occur until the early 18th century, not as early as 1610.

Question 9

The Qing employed a "loose rein" or "using barbarians to check barbarians" in respect to the Mongols and the ____________ in the 1720s.

Accepted Answer

The Qing dynasty employed a "loose rein" policy towards the Mongols and the Tibetan Buddhists in the 1720s, aiming to control these groups indirectly and use their influence to stabilize the region. This approach involved recognizing the spiritual authority of Tibetan Buddhist leaders like the Dalai Lama, which in turn helped to pacify and manage Mongolia and Tibet, areas critical to the Qing's strategic interests.

Question 10

With the traditional threats from the borders now quashed, the reign of the __________ emperor, from 1736 to 1795, marked both the high point and the beginning of the decline of the Qing dynasty-and of imperial China itself.

Accepted Answer

The reign of the Qianlong Emperor, from 1736 to 1795, is often cited as the zenith of the Qing dynasty, after which the decline of the dynasty and imperial China began.

Question 11

Jesuit priests like Matteo Ricci and Ferdinand Verbiest:

Accepted Answer

Jesuit priests, including Matteo Ricci and Ferdinand Verbiest, were known for using their knowledge in sciences and other fields to gain favor and positions at the imperial court of China. They adapted to Chinese culture, learned the language, and dressed in Chinese attire to better integrate and disseminate their religious beliefs.

Question 12

The Popes found Jesuit practices in China like ___________ problematic.

Accepted Answer

The Popes found the Jesuit practice of using tea and rice for the Eucharist instead of the traditional bread and wine problematic, as it deviated from established Catholic liturgical norms.

Question 13

The eighteenth century proved to be a boon time for all involved in the ____________ trade, and the British in particular increasingly viewed it as a valuable part of their growing commercial power.

Accepted Answer

The eighteenth century saw the British increasingly involved in trade with China, particularly through the port of Canton (now Guangzhou), which was the only Chinese port open to foreign traders at the time. This trade, including tea, silk, and porcelain, became a significant part of Britain's commercial empire.

Question 14

Some signs of economic stress were already present toward the end of Qianlong's reign, and chief among these was the problem of:

Accepted Answer

Absentee landlordism was a significant issue during the late Qianlong period, contributing to economic stress by exacerbating land distribution problems and peasant burdens.

Question 15

By one estimate, in 1450 ________ of the Ming frontier military units had cannon, most of which were produced in arsenals like Junqiju.

Accepted Answer

The answer of By one estimate, in 1450 ________ of...

Question 16

Kangxi's 13 _________, embodying maxims distilled in part from Zhu Xi's thought, became the official Qing creed from 1670 on.

Accepted Answer

Kangxi's 13 Sacred Edicts were a set of moral and governmental guidelines issued by the Kangxi Emperor in 1670, reflecting Confucian principles to instruct and improve governance and the moral conduct of the people, drawing in part from the Neo-Confucianist Zhu Xi's philosophy.

Question 17

Qing philosophers based themselves at the Donglin Academy, founded in 1604, and devoted themselves to reconstituting an activist ________ based on rigorous self-cultivation and advising court officials.

Accepted Answer

The Donglin Academy was a center for the revival of Confucianism during the late Ming and early Qing dynasties. Philosophers there focused on Confucian teachings, emphasizing self-cultivation and the role of advising officials, which aligns with Confucian principles rather than Buddhism, Platonism, or Catholicism.

Question 18

In the fall of 1600, the back of the western coalition of daimyos was broken by the Tokugawa victory at the Battle of Sekigahara, near __________.

Accepted Answer

The Battle of Sekigahara, which took place in 1600, was a decisive battle near Kyoto. This victory for the Tokugawa clan led to the establishment of the Tokugawa shogunate, which ruled Japan for over two centuries.

Question 19

The system devised under the Tokugawa bakufu ("_______", referring to the shogun's official status as the emperor's mobile deputy) was called sankin kotai, the "rule of alternate attendance".

Accepted Answer

The term "Tent government" refers to the Tokugawa bakufu, highlighting the shogun's role as the emperor's mobile deputy, which is symbolized by the temporary nature of a tent.

Question 20

The position of the military aristocracy in Japan was:

Accepted Answer

The military aristocracy in Japan, particularly during the period of the samurai, held an absolute and unquestioned authority in matters of life and death, reflecting their critical role in the feudal system and military governance of the country.

Quiz 21: Regulating the Inner and Outer Domains: China and Japan, 1500-1800