Question 1

When using the intersectionality perspective, we can make the conclusion that White women are marginalized by their gender in similar ways as Black women.

Accepted Answer

Intersectionality recognizes that different dimensions of identity (e.g., race, gender) intersect to create unique experiences of oppression or privilege. Therefore, while both White women and Black women may experience gender-based marginalization, the intersection of race and gender means that Black women face specific forms of oppression that are distinct from those experienced by White women.

Question 2

Unlike race, some social differences between genders can be explained by examining differences in biological tendencies.

Accepted Answer

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Question 3

Because race and gender are social constructions, they do not have any real significance.

Accepted Answer

While race and gender are indeed social constructs, they have significant real-world implications and effects on individuals' lives, including how people are perceived, treated, and the opportunities they have access to.

Question 4

The term vicious cycle refers to the perpetuation of inequality due to cultural adaptations of minority groups.

Accepted Answer

The term "vicious cycle" refers to a sequence of reciprocal cause and effect in which two or more elements intensify and aggravate each other, leading to a deteriorating situation or condition. It is not specifically about the perpetuation of inequality due to cultural adaptations of minority groups, but can apply to any situation where negative conditions are self-perpetuating.

Question 5

A decline in willingness to express overt prejudice is an indication that racial inequality will decrease.

Accepted Answer

A decline in willingness to express overt prejudice does not necessarily indicate that racial inequality will decrease, as prejudice and discrimination can still persist in more subtle, systemic forms that do not rely on overt expressions.

Question 6

A recent study found that African Americans are disproportionately stopped and searched by the police. This is an example of ideological racism.

Accepted Answer

This is an example of systemic or institutional racism, as it involves policies or practices within institutions (like law enforcement) that disproportionately affect a racial or ethnic group, rather than beliefs or ideologies about racial superiority or inferiority.

Question 7

In the United States, ideals of femininity apply only to White women.

Accepted Answer

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Question 8

What is a minority group? Cite and explain the defining characteristics, paying special attention to "patterns of inequality and disadvantage" and "visible characteristics." By this definition, are women a minority group? Why or why not? How about left-handed people? Americans with disabilities? LGBTQ Americans? Could these groups be defined as minority groups? Justify your answer.

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Question 9

Explain what is meant by stratification. Summarize some of the important theories regarding the nature of stratification. Why is stratification an important concept in the study of minority groups? What are the significant connections between stratification and a minority group's status?

Accepted Answer

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Question 10

Explain the differences in contributions to the study of stratification offered by Marx, Weber, Lenski, and Hill Collins. Use specific examples from the chapter to support your answer.

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Question 11

Using concepts from the chapter, explain why differences in skin color appear among human populations and how these differences have come to be associated with racial inequality.

Accepted Answer

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Question 12

Describe the factors that create internal differences within a minority group. Use specific examples from the chapter text to support your answer.

Accepted Answer

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Question 13

What is meant by the concept of modern racism? How does that concept differ from traditional or old-fashioned racism? What makes modern racism racist?

Accepted Answer

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Question 14

What is the competition approach to prejudice? What theoretical explanations of prejudice are included? What significant research has been conducted in this tradition, and what evidence has been established in support of these theories? What are the strengths and limitations of these theories?

Accepted Answer

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Question 15

Using concepts from the chapter text, explain how developments in technology shape social inequality. Identify resources at different stages of development that can enhance opportunities for minority groups.

Accepted Answer

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Question 16

What is a social construction? How does a social construction become "real," and what implications does this bring? Use discussions in the chapter text on race and gender to inform your answer.

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Question 17

Max Weber identified three systems that produce stratification in a society. Describe these systems and how they operate to produce inequality in the United States.

Accepted Answer

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Quiz 1: Diversity in the United States: Questions and Concepts