Question 1

What is the prevalence of alcohol dependence in the United Kingdom?

Accepted Answer

Alcohol dependence is a serious problem in the UK, with an estimated 5% of the population affected.

Question 2

Which of the following statements is true?

Accepted Answer

According to the law of demand, when the price of a good or service increases, the quantity demanded typically decreases, assuming all other factors remain constant.

Question 3

Which of the following are criticisms of choice theories of substance use disorders?

Accepted Answer

Choice theories of substance use disorders are criticized for minimizing the suffering associated with the disorder, overlooking the fact that people are often unaware of the processes influencing their behavior, and ignoring the roles of compulsion and cravings.

Question 4

According to incentive-sensitization theory, changes in dopamine function in the addicted brain are related to adapations in

Accepted Answer

Incentive-sensitization theory posits that changes in dopamine function in the addicted brain primarily relate to adaptations in how salience or importance is attributed to drug-related cues, rather than to the liking of drug effects, mood, or intoxication itself.

Question 5

The suppressed dopamine activity in the brain reward system that is seen in people with substance use disorders is consistent with which theory?

Accepted Answer

The hedonic homeostatic dysregulation theory suggests that substance use disorders involve a disruption in the brain's reward system, including suppressed dopamine activity, leading to a cycle of negative emotional states and compulsive drug use.

Question 6

According to Jentsch & Taylor (1999), which part of the brain normally exercises control over motivational states?

Accepted Answer

The prefrontal cortex is known to play a crucial role in controlling motivational states, among other executive functions, according to Jentsch & Taylor (1999).

Question 7

To what extent does nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) help smokers to quit?

Accepted Answer

Nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) helps by doubling the chance of quitting smoking successfully when compared to individuals who attempt to quit without any assistance. This is because NRT provides a controlled way to satisfy cravings for nicotine, thereby reducing withdrawal symptoms and making it easier to focus on breaking the habit of smoking.

Question 8

The drug buprenorphine is prescribed to people with which type of substance use disorder?

Accepted Answer

Buprenorphine is a medication approved for the treatment of opioid use disorder, which includes dependence on opioids such as heroin. It works by partially activating opioid receptors in the brain, helping to reduce cravings and withdrawal symptoms.

Question 9

Which of the following forms of psychological treatment for substance use disorders is not effective?

Accepted Answer

Cue exposure therapy, while a conceptually interesting approach that involves exposing individuals to cues associated with their addiction in a controlled environment to reduce their power, has not consistently shown effectiveness in treating substance use disorders compared to other established methods like Cognitive Behaviour Therapy (CBT), Motivational Interviewing, and support groups such as Alcoholics Anonymous.

Question 10

Project MATCH revealed that the most effective psychological therapy for alcohol dependence was….

Accepted Answer

Project MATCH found that there were no significant differences in effectiveness among cognitive-behavioral therapy, motivational interviewing, and twelve-step facilitation for treating alcohol dependence, indicating that all were equally effective.

Quiz 9: Substance Use Disorder