Why are countries like Russia and Turkey considered nondemocratic, despite having some elements of democratic practices and institutions?
A) These countries did not actually liberalize.
B) The speed of liberalization has been slower than expected.
C) These countries liberalized, but then reversed course.
D) These countries began liberalization, but the process stopped.

Question

Quizplus · Accepted Answer

These countries have experienced periods of liberalization, where democratic practices and institutions were adopted or strengthened. However, over time, there has been a reversal or backsliding in democratic norms and practices, leading to a situation where, despite the presence of some democratic elements, the overall governance structure is considered nondemocratic. This can include the consolidation of power in the hands of a single leader or party, restrictions on the press and freedom of speech, and limitations on political opposition and civil society.

Why Are Countries Like Russia and Turkey Considered Nondemocratic, Despite