__________lowers the level of internal validity when change in the measuring instrument is made between the applications.

Question

Quizplus · Accepted Answer

Instrumentation refers to changes in the measurement process or instrument that occur over time. If the instrument used to measure outcomes in a study changes between pre-test and post-test, this can affect the reliability of the results, thus lowering the internal validity of the study. This is because any observed changes in the dependent variable may be due to changes in the instrument rather than the independent variable or treatment effect.

__________Lowers the Level of Internal Validity When Change in the Measuring