Question 1

Which type of project has low audience involvement?

Accepted Answer

Mass media campaigns typically have low audience involvement because they are designed to reach a wide audience through mediums like television, radio, or online platforms, without direct interaction or engagement with the audience.

Question 2

Which type of project has low cost per person reached?

Accepted Answer

Mass media campaigns have a low cost per person reached because they use platforms like television, radio, and the internet to disseminate information to a large audience at once, making the cost per individual relatively low compared to more targeted interventions.

Question 3

Leo is a smoker, and he's never even thought about quitting. According to the transtheoretical model, what stage is Leo in?

Accepted Answer

Leo is in the Precontemplation stage because he has not yet considered quitting smoking. This stage is characterized by a lack of intention to change behavior in the foreseeable future.

Question 4

Leo is a smoker, and now that he is a dad, he is thinking that it might be time to quit. According to the transtheoretical model, what stage is Leo in?

Accepted Answer

Leo is in the Contemplation stage because he is thinking about quitting smoking, indicating he is aware of the need for change but has not yet committed to taking action.

Question 5

Leo is a smoker, but he has bought some nicotine supplements so that he can quit smoking soon. According to the transtheoretical model, what stage is Leo in?

Accepted Answer

Leo is in the Preparation stage because he is planning to take action in the immediate future and has already taken some preliminary steps (buying nicotine supplements) towards quitting smoking.

Question 6

Leo is a smoker, but right now he is using nicotine supplements to lessen the number of cigarettes he smokes each day. According to the transtheoretical model, what stage is Leo in?

Accepted Answer

Leo is in the Action stage because he is actively changing his behavior by using nicotine supplements to reduce his cigarette consumption.

Question 7

Leo used to be a smoker, but he quit cold turkey six months ago, and he is still tobacco free. According to the transtheoretical model, what stage of change is Leo in?

Accepted Answer

Leo is in the Maintenance stage because he has successfully quit smoking and has been tobacco-free for six months, indicating he is maintaining his behavior change.

Question 8

You're designing a media campaign to reach smokers who are starting to think about quitting. In terms of the transtheoretical model, you should target people in which stage of change?

Accepted Answer

The contemplation stage is when individuals are considering quitting smoking but have not yet made a commitment to take action. This is the ideal stage to target for a media campaign aimed at encouraging smokers to quit.

Question 9

The goal of an intervention is to provide information about a new vaccine. This illustrates which type of intervention outcome?

Accepted Answer

The goal of providing information about a new vaccine is to increase knowledge or awareness about it, which is a learning outcome. Learning outcomes are focused on enhancing understanding, knowledge, or skills.

Question 10

The goal of an intervention is to change people's attitudes toward a current vaccine. This illustrates which type of intervention outcome?

Accepted Answer

Yielding as an intervention outcome refers to a change in attitudes or beliefs, which is the goal of the intervention described. Changing people's attitudes toward a vaccine is about influencing their beliefs or perceptions, not necessarily about teaching them new information (Learning) or directly altering their actions (Behavior).

Question 11

The goal of an intervention is to get people to get a particular vaccine. This illustrates which type of intervention outcome?

Accepted Answer

Behavioral outcomes refer to actions taken by individuals, such as getting a vaccine, which is a direct action or behavior change.

Question 12

Which type of project has high researcher anonymity?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which type of project has high researcher...

Question 13

Which type of project has potential Internet assistance?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which type of project has potential Internet...

Question 14

According to the ELM, tailored interventions are more effective because they increase which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Tailored interventions are more effective because they increase personal relevance and central processing. Personal relevance enhances the motivation to process the message deeply, engaging central processing routes, which leads to more durable attitude change and stronger behavior change.

Question 15

Mass media campaigns involve health practitioners intervening in the audience members' lives to improve health.

Accepted Answer

Mass media campaigns use various media channels to communicate with large audiences and influence their attitudes or behaviors regarding health issues, without direct intervention in individuals' lives by health practitioners.

Question 16

As reach increases, effect size decreases.

Accepted Answer

As reach increases, the number of people exposed to the message increases. This means that the effect size, which is the difference between the experimental and control groups, will decrease.

Question 17

Effective campaigns segment the audience.

Accepted Answer

Effective campaigns segment the audience to tailor messages and strategies to different groups, improving relevance and engagement.

Question 18

Effective campaigns use targeted message design.

Accepted Answer

Effective campaigns tailor their messages to specific audiences to increase relevance and impact, making targeted message design a key strategy for success.

Question 19

Effective campaigns place messages in all available communication channels.

Accepted Answer

Effective campaigns strategically select communication channels that best reach their target audience, rather than using all available channels, to ensure efficiency and impact.

Question 20

Campaigns and interventions can be effective on the condition that we follow the principles of campaign and intervention design.

Accepted Answer

Well-designed campaigns and interventions, based on solid principles such as clear objectives, understanding the target audience, and effective communication strategies, can significantly influence behavior and achieve desired outcomes.

Quiz 14: Campaigns and Interventions