A desire or craving to achieve the effects produced by a drug is called _____.

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Psychological dependence refers to a person's intense desire or craving to achieve the effects produced by a drug, even when they are aware of the negative consequences associated with its use. This is different from physiological dependence, which involves the body adapting to the presence of a drug and necessitating its continued use to avoid withdrawal symptoms. Cross-tolerance refers to the development of tolerance to one drug as a result of tolerance to another drug, while withdrawal is the experience of unpleasant physical and psychological symptoms when a drug is abruptly stopped or reduced in dosage.

A Desire or Craving to Achieve the Effects Produced by a Drug