Question 1

The nurse recognizes which of these persons is at greatest risk for undernutrition?

Accepted Answer

Vulnerable groups for undernutrition are infants,children,pregnant women,recent immigrants,persons with low incomes,hospitalized people,and aging adults.

Question 2

A patient tells the nurse that his food simply does not have any taste anymore.The nurse's best response would be:

Accepted Answer

With changes in appetite,taste,smell,or chewing or swallowing,the examiner should ask about the type of change and when the change occurred.These problems interfere with adequate nutrient intake.The other responses are not correct.

Question 3

The nurse is providing care for a 68-year-old woman who is complaining of constipation.What concern exists regarding her nutritional status?

Accepted Answer

Gastrointestinal symptoms such as vomiting,diarrhea,or constipation may interfere with nutrient intake or absorption.The other responses are not correct.

Question 4

The nurse is providing nutrition information to the mother of a 1-year-old child.Which of these statements represents accurate information for this age group?

Accepted Answer

Because of rapid growth,especially of the brain,both infants and children younger than 2 years of age should not drink skim or low-fat milk or be placed on low-fat diets.Fats (calories and essential fatty acids)are required for proper growth and central nervous system development.

Question 5

A pregnant woman is interested in breastfeeding her baby and asks several questions about the topic.Which information is appropriate for the nurse to share with her?

Accepted Answer

Breastfeeding is recommended for full-term infants for the first year of life because breast milk is ideally formulated to promote normal infant growth and development,as well as natural immunity.The other statements are not correct.

Question 6

The nurse is discussing appropriate foods with the mother of a 3-year-old child.Which of these foods are recommended?

Accepted Answer

Small portions,finger foods,simple meals,and nutritious snacks help improve the dietary intake of young children.Foods likely to be aspirated should be avoided (e.g.,hot dogs,nuts,grapes,round candies,popcorn).

Question 7

A mother and her 13-year-old daughter express their concern related to the daughter's recent weight gain and her increase in appetite.Which of these statements represents information the nurse should discuss with them?

Accepted Answer

After a period of slow growth in late childhood,adolescence is characterized by rapid physical growth and endocrine and hormonal changes.Caloric and protein requirements increase to meet this demand.Because of bone growth and increasing muscle mass (and,in girls,the onset of menarche),calcium and iron requirements also increase.

Question 8

When assessing a patient's nutritional status,the nurse recalls that the best definition of optimal nutritional status is sufficient nutrients that:

Accepted Answer

Optimal nutritional status is achieved when sufficient nutrients are consumed to support day-to-day body needs and any increased metabolic demands resulting from growth,pregnancy,or illness.

Question 9

If a 29-year-old woman weighs 156 pounds,and the nurse determines her ideal body weight to be 120 pounds,then how would the nurse classify the woman's weight?

Accepted Answer

Obesity,as a result of caloric excess,refers to weight more than 20% above ideal body weight.For this patient,20% of her ideal body weight would be 24 pounds,and greater than 20% of her body weight would be over 144 pounds.Therefore,having a weight of 156 pounds would be considered obese.

Question 10

The nurse is performing a nutritional assessment on a 15-year-old girl who tells the nurse that she is "so fat." Assessment reveals that she is 5 feet 4 inches and weighs 110 pounds.The nurse's appropriate response would be:

Accepted Answer

Adolescents' increased body awareness and self-consciousness may cause eating disorders such as anorexia nervosa or bulimia,conditions in which the real or perceived body image does not favorably compare with an ideal image.The nurse should not belittle the adolescent's feelings,provide unsolicited advice,or agree with her.

Question 11

When considering a nutritional assessment,the nurse is aware that the most common anthropometric measurements include:

Accepted Answer

The most commonly used anthropometric measures are height,weight,triceps skinfold thickness,elbow breadth,and arm and head circumferences.

Question 12

A 50-year-old woman with elevated total cholesterol and triglyceride levels is visiting the clinic to find out about her laboratory results.What would be important for the nurse to include in patient teaching in relation to these tests?

Accepted Answer

The patient with elevated cholesterol and triglyceride levels should be taught about eating a healthy diet that limits the intake of foods high in saturated fats or trans fats.Reducing dietary fats is part of the treatment for this condition.The other responses are not pertinent to her condition.

Question 13

During a nutritional assessment,why is it important for the nurse to ask a patient what medications he or she is taking?

Accepted Answer

Analgesics,antacids,anticonvulsants,antibiotics,diuretics,laxatives,antineoplastic drugs,steroids,and oral contraceptives are drugs that can interact with nutrients,impairing their digestion,absorption,metabolism,or use.The other responses are not correct.

Question 14

A patient is asked to indicate on a form how many times he eats a specific food.This method describes which of these tools for obtaining dietary information?

Accepted Answer

With this tool,information is collected on how many times per day,week,or month the individual eats particular foods,which provides an estimate of usual intake.

Question 15

In teaching a patient how to determine total body fat at home,the nurse includes instructions to obtain measurements of:

Accepted Answer

Body mass index,calculated by using height and weight measurements,is a practical marker of optimal weight for height and an indicator of obesity.The other options are not correct.

Question 16

For the first time,the nurse is seeing a patient who has no history of nutrition-related problems.The initial nutritional screening should include which activity?

Accepted Answer

Parameters used for nutrition screening typically include weight and weight history,conditions associated with increased nutritional risk,diet information,and routine laboratory data.The other responses reflect a more in-depth assessment rather than a screening.

Question 17

The nurse is evaluating patients for obesity-related diseases by calculating the waist-to-hip ratios.Which one of these patients would be at increased risk?

Accepted Answer

The waist-to-hip ratio assesses body fat distribution as an indicator of health risk.A waist-to-hip ratio of 1.0 or greater in men or 0.8 or greater in women is indicative of android (upper body obesity)and increasing risk for obesity-related disease and early death.The 29-year-old woman has a waist-to-hip ratio of 0.92,which is greater than 0.8.The 32-year-old man has a waist-to-hip ratio of 0.94; the 38-year-old man has a waist-to-hip ratio of 0.92; the 46-year-old woman has a waist-to-hip ratio of 0.78.

Question 18

The nurse is reviewing the nutritional assessment of an 82-year-old patient.Which of these factors will most likely affect the nutritional status of an older adult?

Accepted Answer

Socioeconomic conditions frequently affect the nutritional status of the aging adult; these factors should be closely evaluated.Physical limitations,income,and social isolation are frequent problems that interfere with the acquisition of a balanced diet.A decrease in taste and smell and decreased gastrointestinal motility and absorption occur with aging.Cardiovascular status is not a factor that affects an older adult's nutritional status.

Question 19

The nurse is assessing a 30-year-old unemployed immigrant from an underdeveloped country who has been in the United States for 1 month.Which of these problems related to his nutritional status might the nurse expect to find?

Accepted Answer

General undernutrition,hypertension,diarrhea,lactose intolerance,osteomalacia,scurvy,and dental caries are among the more common nutrition-related problems of new immigrants from developing countries.

Question 20

How should the nurse perform a triceps skinfold assessment?

Accepted Answer

While holding the skinfold,the lever of the calipers is released.The nurse waits 3 seconds and then takes a reading.This procedure should be repeated three times,and an average of the three skinfold measurements is then recorded.

Quiz 11: Nutritional Assessment