In Which of the Following Situations Would a Job Design

In which of the following situations would a job design be recommended?

A) New technology has drastically changed the way that work is done in a manufacturing plant shop floor and employees are finding there is a lot more spare time.
B) Due to a recent change in upper management and benefit policies, several hundred highly skilled employees have recently left the organization and moved to a competitor.
C) The culture of the organization is deemed by an external consultant to be "stagnant" and in need of a change.
D) Members of the organization are trying to form a union.