Question 1

What is the process of describing a data set by computing a small number of measures that characterize the data set in ways that are meaningful to the client?
A) data description
B) data summarization
C) data demagnification
D) data characterization
E) data analysis

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is the process of describing a...

Question 2

Assume a college professor wanted to know if the number of hours studied by her students was related to students' test scores. She would use:
A) descriptive analysis
B) interpolation
C) relationship analysis
D) standard deviation analysis
E) population determination analysis

Accepted Answer

The college professor would use relationship analysis to determine if there is a correlation between the number of hours studied by the students and their test scores. This involves analyzing the strength and direction of the relationship between two variables. Descriptive analysis would not be sufficient, as it only involves summarizing the data without exploring relationships. Interpolation, standard deviation analysis, and population determination analysis are not relevant to answering the professor's question.

Question 3

Which of the following identifies the variable names and code numbers associated with each possible response to each question that makes up the data set?
A) data code book
B) data variables identification book
C) survey ID book
D) respondent data book
E) project master file

Accepted Answer

A data code book is a comprehensive document that lists all of the variables and their code numbers in the data set, along with their meanings or definitions. It is a crucial reference for researchers analyzing the data.

Question 4

Which of the following would NOT be a part of a completed data worksheet in XL Data Analyst?
A) variables
B) variable labels
C) variable descriptions
D) respondents
E) data set

Accepted Answer

Variable descriptions are typically not part of a completed data worksheet; they are often found in documentation or metadata separate from the data worksheet itself.

Question 5

Rachel Marsh was responsible for conducting a survey of her college to determine what extent the students were in favour of a number of changes the college administration was considering. She would need to collect four hundred completed interviews in a five-day period, and the administration had given her a budget of $2,000.00 to collect the information. Rachel put posters up around the campus asking for students who wanted to earn extra cash by interviewing other students on campus. At the meeting of the volunteers, Rachel offers to pay them $8.00 an hour and told them they should complete at least three interviews for each hour they worked. Rachel's decision to pay the interviewers this way will:
A) help ensure there are no misunderstandings among the fieldworkers collecting the information.
B) help ensure that there is a minimum amount of fatigue among the fieldworkers collecting the information.
C) help ensure that her fieldworkers do not falsify their work.
D) help ensure that leading respondents will be held at a minimum because she is giving the fieldworkers ample time to conduct the interviews.
E) help control intentional respondent errors.

Accepted Answer

Paying interviewers per hour with a requirement to complete a certain number of interviews helps ensure that they do not falsify their work, as they are incentivized to complete genuine interviews to earn their pay.

Question 6

"The average respondent's age is 44" is an example of which function of data analysis?
A) differentiation
B) communication
C) generalization
D) summarization
E) reflection

Accepted Answer

The given statement shows the average respondent age, which is a summary of data analysis. Therefore, option D, summarization, is the correct choice. Option A, differentiation, involves identifying and separating data based on specific criteria. Option B, communication, is the process of conveying information to others. Option C, generalization, is the method of drawing conclusions about a population based on a sample. Option E, reflection, involves examining and analyzing one's thoughts and experiences.

Question 7

After the surveys have been finished:
A) data entry follows.
B) questionnaires are scrutinized and completed ones are identified.
C) they should be sent for data entry.
D) they should be shown to the client to verify that they were completed.
E) all respondents should be recalled by a supervisor to ensure that they were actually interviewed.

Accepted Answer

After surveys are completed, the questionnaires are typically scrutinized to ensure completeness and accuracy before proceeding to data entry.

Question 8

The statistical software that is used with your textbook is called:
A) Websurveyor.
B) MICROStats.
C) SPSS.
D) XL Data Analyst.
E) Excel Data Analyst.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The statistical software that is used with...

Question 9

Which research objective is being fulfilled by means of a researcher conducting hypotheses tests and/or computing confidence intervals?
A) description
B) generalization
C) determination
D) differences
E) relationships

Accepted Answer

Hypothesis testing and computing confidence intervals are statistical methods used to make inferences about a population based on sample data, which aligns with the objective of generalization.

Question 10

Which one of the following is NOT one of the four functions of data analysis discussed in the textbook?
A) summarizes the data
B) compares for meaningful differences
C) relates underlying patterns
D) generalizes sample findings to the population
E) regresses data into facts

Accepted Answer

Regressing data into facts is not a commonly recognized function of data analysis. The four functions of data analysis discussed in the textbook are summarizing the data, comparing for meaningful differences, relating underlying patterns, and generalizing sample findings to the population.

Question 11

Which type of statistical analysis would we use to determine if the College of Business graduates' average starting salary was statistically different from their counterparts in Business University?
A) differences analysis
B) descriptive analysis
C) inferential analysis
D) relationship analysis
E) determination analysis

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which type of statistical analysis would we...

Question 12

Which of the following best describes data coding?
A) the creation of a computer file that holds the raw data taken from all of the questionnaires deemed suitable for analysis
B) identification of computer code values that pertain to the possible responses for each question on the questionnaire
C) identification of all the variable names and code numbers associated with each possible response to each question making up the dataset
D) raw data arranged in columns representing answers to various questions and in rows representing each respondent or case
E) using codes to represent responses of respondents who have been promised anonymity

Accepted Answer

Data coding involves identifying computer code values that pertain to the possible responses for each question on the questionnaire. This is done so that the data can be analyzed more easily using statistical software.

Question 13

Which type of statistical analysis is used to summarize the sample data with measures of central tendency and dispersion?
A) averages and trends
B) descriptive analysis
C) inferential analysis
D) differences analysis
E) relationship analysis

Accepted Answer

Descriptive analysis is used to summarize sample data with measures of central tendency (mean, median, mode) and dispersion (range, standard deviation). It is used to provide a clear and concise overview of the data without making any inferences or conclusions about the larger population.

Question 14

What are the forms of data analyses that may be used if the research objective were relationships?
A) correlation, confidence intervals, and regression
B) cross-tabulation, correlation, and regression
C) hypothesis tests and confidence intervals
D) confidence intervals, cross-tabulation, and correlation
E) cross-tabulation, correlation, and recession

Accepted Answer

Cross-tabulation helps to examine the relationship between two or more categorical variables, correlation helps to identify the strength and direction of the relationship between two continuous variables, and regression helps to model the relationship between a dependent variable and one or more independent variables. Therefore, these analyses are appropriate for examining relationships. Hypothesis tests and confidence intervals are more appropriate for comparing means or proportions rather than exploring relationships. Recession is not a form of data analysis.

Question 15

Which term refers to any statistical measure used that somehow reflects a typical or frequent response?
A) averages and trends
B) frequency distribution
C) central variation
D) central tendency
E) typical matrix

Accepted Answer

Central tendency refers to any statistical measure used that somehow reflects a typical or frequent response. Common measures of central tendency include mean, median, and mode.

Question 16

Which of the following is the term used to refer to the creation of a computer file that holds the raw data taken from all of the completed questionnaires?
A) data entry
B) data coding
C) data analysis
D) data changes
E) data code book

Accepted Answer

Data entry is the process of transferring data from the completed questionnaires into a computer file. This file holds the raw data, which can later be analyzed and interpreted.

Question 17

If two values are tied for the value that occurs most often in a data set, the distribution is said to be:
A) deuced
B) modal
C) bimodal
D) normal
E) trimodal

Accepted Answer

If two values are tied for the value that occurs most often, it means that there are two modes in the distribution, making it bimodal. A modal distribution has only one mode, while a trimodal distribution has three modes. "Deuced" is not a statistical term, and "normal" refers to a specific type of distribution with a bell-shaped curve.

Question 18

Which of the following best describes a data set?
A) the creation of a computer file that holds the raw data taken from all of the questionnaires deemed suitable for analysis
B) identification of codes that pertain to the possible responses for each question on the questionnaire
C) identification of all the variable names and code numbers associated with each possible response to each question making up the dataset
D) matrix of numbers and other codes that includes all the relevant answers for all respondents in a survey
E) data arranged such that variables are entered horizontally and each respondent's response is on the diagonal

Accepted Answer

A data set refers to a matrix of numbers and codes that includes all relevant answers for all respondents in a survey. Option D is the only choice that describes a data set. Option A describes the creation of a file, while Option B describes the identification of codes for possible responses. Option C describes the identification of variable names and codes for possible responses, which is not the same as a data set. Option E describes data arrangement, not a data set.

Question 19

In the following data set, what is the mode? ( 12, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 6, 10, 11 )
A) 4.66
B) 1
C) 42
D) 6
E) 1 and 0

Accepted Answer

The mode is the most frequently occurring number in the data set. In this case, 1 appears three times, which is more than any other number, making it the mode.

Question 20

Which of the following best describes data entry?
A) identification of codes that pertain to the possible responses for each question on the questionnaire
B) identification of all the variable names and code numbers associated with each possible response to each question making up the dataset
C) raw data arranged in columns representing answers to various questions and in rows representing each respondent or case
D) the creation of a computer file that holds the raw data taken from all of the completed questionnaires
E) a process of importing data from other stat packages that are Intel-compatible into XL Data Analyst

Accepted Answer

Data entry involves creating a computer file that holds the raw data collected from completed questionnaires.

Quiz 10: Data Collection and Basic Descriptive Statistics

What is the process of describing a data set by computing a small number of measures that characterize the data set in ways that are meaningful to the client?

Assume a college professor wanted to know if the number of hours studied by her students was related to students' test scores. She would use:

Which of the following identifies the variable names and code numbers associated with each possible response to each question that makes up the data set?

Which of the following would NOT be a part of a completed data worksheet in XL Data Analyst?

"The average respondent's age is 44" is an example of which function of data analysis?

After the surveys have been finished:

The statistical software that is used with your textbook is called:

Which research objective is being fulfilled by means of a researcher conducting hypotheses tests and/or computing confidence intervals?

Which one of the following is NOT one of the four functions of data analysis discussed in the textbook?

Which type of statistical analysis would we use to determine if the College of Business graduates' average starting salary was statistically different from their counterparts in Business University?

Which of the following best describes data coding?

Which type of statistical analysis is used to summarize the sample data with measures of central tendency and dispersion?

What are the forms of data analyses that may be used if the research objective were relationships?

Which term refers to any statistical measure used that somehow reflects a typical or frequent response?

Which of the following is the term used to refer to the creation of a computer file that holds the raw data taken from all of the completed questionnaires?

If two values are tied for the value that occurs most often in a data set, the distribution is said to be:

Which of the following best describes a data set?

In the following data set, what is the mode? ( 12, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 6, 10, 11 )

Which of the following best describes data entry?