Question 1

Which of the following is NOT one of the 5 stages of the policymaking process?

Accepted Answer

The 5 stages of the policymaking process are agenda setting, policy formulation, policy adoption, implementation, and evaluation. Revision is not one of the stages.

Question 2

In which of the following levels of federalism do racial and ethnic minority groups engage in political activity?

Accepted Answer

Racial and ethnic minority groups engage in political activity at all levels of federalism, including the national, state, and local levels. They do so in order to influence policies that affect their communities and to ensure their voices are heard in the policymaking process. This includes advocating for civil rights, voting rights, and protections against discrimination at all levels of government.

Question 3

Currently, terms of racial and ethnic minority representation in the U.S. Congress, there is __________________ in proportion to these populations.

Accepted Answer

Racial and ethnic minorities make up a significant portion of the U.S. population but they are underrepresented in the Congress. For example, African Americans make up around 13% of the U.S. population but only about 10% of Congress. Similarly, Latinos make up around 18% of the population but only around 9% of Congress. This underrepresentation can contribute to a lack of diverse perspectives and policy approaches in the legislative process.

Question 4

As a(n) _________________, Vice President Charles Curtis (1929-1933) has been the only racial/ethnic minority to hold the office.

Accepted Answer

Charles Curtis was a member of the Kaw Nation of Native Americans and is the only American Indian to have served as Vice President of the United States.

Question 5

In 1972, the African American members of the House and Senate formed the _________________ to increase the influence of blacks in the House

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is Congressional Black Caucus. The Caucus was formed in 1972 to represent the interests of African Americans and increase their influence in the House and Senate. It is comprised of members from both the House and Senate who are committed to advancing legislation and policy that benefits African Americans and other marginalized communities.

Question 6

How many racial/ethnic minorities have served on the U.S. Supreme Court, over its entire history?

Accepted Answer

Three racial/ethnic minorities have served on the U.S. Supreme Court: Thurgood Marshall (1967-1991), the first African American to serve; Sonia Sotomayor (2009-present), the first Latina; and Clarence Thomas (1991-present), the second African American.

Question 7

Which group is most underrepresented in the federal civilian workforce?

Accepted Answer

Latinos are the most underrepresented group in the federal civilian workforce compared to their proportion in the civilian labor force.

Question 8

Which of the following groups is most likely to make over $80,000 in the federal civilian workforce?

Accepted Answer

According to data from the Office of Personnel Management in 2019, Asian Americans were the most likely group to make over $80,000 in the federal civilian workforce, with 34.3% of Asian American employees in that salary range. African Americans, American Indians, and Latinos were less likely to make over $80,000, with percentages ranging from 21.1% to 24.4%.

Question 9

The trend of not overtly supporting racist policies but encouraging opponents of civil rights policies to believe one agrees with those individuals began with President:

Accepted Answer

This trend, often referred to as the "Southern Strategy," began with President Richard Nixon. It involved appealing to racist sentiments and opposition to civil rights policies in a subtle manner to gain political support without overtly endorsing racist policies.

Question 10

In the decades following the ratification of the 14^th Amendment, the concept of federalism was used to ______________ the newly won rights of racial and ethnic minorities.

Accepted Answer

The concept of federalism, which involves the division of powers between the national government and the states, was often used to negate or undermine the newly won rights of racial and ethnic minorities in the decades following the ratification of the 14th Amendment. This occurred through actions like the implementation of Jim Crow laws by states, which effectively circumvented the protections intended by the amendment.

Question 11

As of 2017, there are no ________________ governors in the United States.

Accepted Answer

As of 2017, there were African American governors in the United States, making this statement incorrect and thus the right choice for a statement that is not true. Governors of other racial or ethnic minorities, including Asian American and Latino, were serving, disproving options B, C, and D.

Question 12

Which group has had the level electoral success at the statewide level?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which group has had the level electoral...

Question 13

"With all deliberate speed" was the Supreme Court's admonition to desegregate schools as quickly as possible, though not immediately; this was a part of the Court's ruling in which case?

Accepted Answer

"With all deliberate speed" was a part of the Supreme Court's ruling in Brown v. Board of Education [Brown II] (1955), which was the follow-up to their initial ruling in 1954 that declared segregation in schools unconstitutional. The Court ordered desegregation "with all deliberate speed" but did not give a specific timeline for implementation.

Question 14

Which of the following are connected with allowing for, ensuring, and improving bilingual education?

Accepted Answer

A) MALDEF (Mexican American Legal Defense and Educational Fund) is a national organization that advocates for the civil rights of Latinos in the United States, including access to quality education. They have been involved in litigation and advocacy efforts to improve bilingual education programs.

B) PRLDEF (Puerto Rican Legal Defense and Education Fund) is a national organization that advocates for the civil rights of Puerto Ricans and other Latinos in the United States. They have also been involved in advocating for bilingual education programs.

C) Lau v. Nichols (1974) was a landmark Supreme Court case that established the principle that schools must provide equal educational opportunities for non-English-speaking students. This case helped lead to the development of bilingual education programs in many parts of the United States.

Therefore, all of the answers are correct and are connected with allowing for, ensuring, and improving bilingual education.

Question 15

Fisher v. the University of Texas (2016) (Fisher II) affirmed the idea that:

Accepted Answer

Fisher v. the University of Texas (2016) (Fisher II) affirmed the idea that race can be used as a small factor in admissions to encourage various forms of diversity. The court ruled that race could be considered only if the university has demonstrated that alternative methods of achieving diversity have failed or are inadequate. The decision emphasized that the use of race must be narrowly tailored and must not unduly harm students of other races.

Question 16

Identify the 5 interrelated stages of the policymaking process.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Identify the 5 interrelated stages of the...

Question 17

What is representative bureaucracy and why is it essential for racial and ethnic minorities?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is representative bureaucracy and why is...

Question 18

What is second-generation discrimination and how does it relate to equal educational opportunity for minorities?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is second-generation discrimination and how does...

Question 19

Identify and evaluate the 3 models of agenda setting. Provide a nuanced examination of the ways in which racial and ethnic minorities are involved in these forms of agenda setting, historically and currently.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Identify and evaluate the 3 models of...

Question 20

Examine the two policy areas of equal education opportunity and affirmative action in employment in the context of the 4 main racial and ethnic minority groups we have discussed. For each group, examine the challenges and successes of each group has encountered in each of these policy areas. Indicate why these policy areas are of particular importance for the sociopolitical outcomes of each group.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Examine the two policy areas of equal...

Quiz 4: Americas Racial Minorities and the Policymaking Process