What is the primary problem with studies of interest groups that compare the winning and losing sides of policy debates between interest groups?

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The primary problem with studies of interest groups that compare the winning and losing sides of policy debates between interest groups is that scholars cannot be sure that factors related to interest groups are responsible. There are many factors that can influence policy outcomes beyond the efforts of interest groups, such as public opinion, partisan politics, and economic conditions. Therefore, it is difficult to attribute policy outcomes solely to the efforts of interest groups.

What Is the Primary Problem with Studies of Interest Groups