Question 1

What are the goals of heterozygote screening? Explain why sickle cell anemia and Tay-Sachs screening programs are good examples of this type of screening.

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Question 2

Knowledge about the sex of an unborn fetus is a byproduct of prenatal testing. Because such information might be used as the basis for elective abortion for sex selection, should information about the sex of an unborn child be withheld from the parents unless it is medically relevant?

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Question 3

It is argued that genetic testing can be used to hold down costs for insurance and in employee liability. Should mandatory genetic testing be used as a condition for employment or insurance? Why or why not?

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Question 4

Explain why PKU is a model disease for newborn screening programs.

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Question 5

Genetic screening for PKU is mandated by law in the U.S., yet it only affects about 1 in 40,000 individuals. As screening techniques become increasingly sophisticated, how far should mandatory screening be extended? What about screening for conditions such as XYY (about 1 in 1,000 male births)? Can you suggest guidelines for the selection of genetic disorders to be included in such mandatory screening?

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Question 6

Describe two prenatal tests for genetic disorders.

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Question 7

What are the problems and benefits associated with presymptomatic testing for late-onset disorders such as Huntington disease?

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Question 8

In ________, a zygote formed by IVF is implanted into the oviduct through a small incision.

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Question 9

Enumerate the various categories of individuals who seek genetic counseling.

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Question 10

As a genetic counselor, you have assessed a risk factor of 1 in 50 for a couple having a child with Down syndrome. Your earlier interview leads you to believe that they do not have a clear understanding of probability. How would you go about explaining this risk factor and what steps would you take to ensure that they understand your explanation?

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Question 11

Should the law limit application of gene therapy to only correcting genetic defects? Should enhancement gene therapy be illegal? Do you think such a law would be enforceable?

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Question 12

All newborns are screened for certain genetic disorders. Explain why this is done and why we don't do this for all genetic disorders.

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Quiz 16: Reproductive Technology, Genetic Testing, and Gene Therapy