Stephen Fox, Chronicler of Advertising History, Maintains That

Stephen Fox, chronicler of advertising history, maintains that

A) advertising didn't cause America's consumption culture; it's just a very visible manifestation of that culture.
B) America's rush to progress and advertising emerged at the same time, so it's impossible to prove that advertising caused it.
C) in portraying brands as symbols of success, advertising creates wants and aspirations that are artificial and selfish
D) advertising created America's consumer culture, and for that, it should be praised.