Question 1

The data on grades (A, B, C, and D) scored by all students in a test is an example of
A) quantitative datA)
B) sample data.
C) categorical data.
D) analytical data.

Accepted Answer

If arithmetic operations cannot be performed on the data, they are considered categorical data.

Question 2

A variable whose values are not known with certainty is called a _____.
A) certain variable
B) random variable
C) constant variable
D) decision variable

Accepted Answer

A quantity whose values are not known with certainty is called a random variable, or uncertain variable.

Question 3

The act of collecting data that are representative of the population data is called
A) random sampling.
B) sample data.
C) population sampling.
D) applications of business analytics.

Accepted Answer

A representative sample can be gathered by random sampling of the population data.

Question 4

_____ are collected from several entities at the same point in time.
A) Time series data
B) Categorical and quantitative data
C) Cross-sectional data
D) Random data

Accepted Answer

Cross-sectional data are collected from several entities at the same, or approximately the same, point in time.

Question 5

The difference in a variable measured over observations (time, customers, items, etc.) is called as _____.
A) observed differences
B) variation
C) variable change
D) descriptive analytics

Accepted Answer

Variation is the difference in a variable measured over observations (time, customers, items, etc.).

Question 6

A set of values corresponding to a set of variables is defined as a(n) _____.
A) quantity
B) event
C) factor
D) observation

Accepted Answer

An observation is a set of values corresponding to a set of variables.

Question 7

A variable is defined as a
A) quantity of interest that can take on same values.
B) set of values.
C) quantity of interest that can take on different values.
D) characteristic that takes on same values from a set of values.

Accepted Answer

A characteristic or a quantity of interest that can take on different values is known as a variable.

Question 8

_____ act(s) as a representative of the population.
A) The analytics
B) The variance
C) A sample
D) The random variables

Accepted Answer

A subset of the population is known as a sample, and it acts as a representative of the population.

Question 9

The data collected from the customers in restaurants about the quality of food is an example of
A) variable study.
B) cross-sectional study.
C) experimental study.
D) observational study.

Accepted Answer

Nonexperimental, or observational, studies make no attempt to control the variables of interest. Some restaurants use observational studies to obtain data about customer opinions on the quality of food, quality of service, atmosphere, and so on.

Question 10

In a(n) _____, one or more variables are identified and controlled or manipulated so that data can be obtained about how they influence the variable of interest identified first.
A) experimental study
B) observational study
C) categorical study
D) variable study

Accepted Answer

In an experimental study, a variable of interest is first identified. Then one or more other variables are identified and controlled or manipulated so that data can be obtained about how they influence the variable of interest.

Question 11

A summary of data that shows the number of observations in each of several nonoverlapping bins is called
A) a frequency distribution.
B) a sample summary.
C) a bin distribution.
D) an observed distribution.

Accepted Answer

A frequency distribution is a summary of data that shows the number (frequency) of observations in each of several nonoverlapping classes, typically referred to as bins, when dealing with distributions.

Question 12

Which of the following are necessary to be determined to define the classes for a frequency distribution with quantitative data?
A) Number of nonoverlapping bins, width of each bin, and bin limits
B) Width of each bin and bin lower limits
C) Number of overlapping bins, width of each bin, and bin upper limits
D) Width of each bin and number of bins

Accepted Answer

The three steps necessary to define the classes for a frequency distribution with quantitative data are: determine the number of nonoverlapping bins, determine the width of each bin, and determine the bin limits.

Question 13

Consider the data below. What percentage of students scored grade C? 
A) 33%
B) 31%
C) 37%
D) 28%

Accepted Answer

A percent frequency distribution summarizes the percent frequency of the data for each bin. The percent frequency of a bin is the relative frequency multiplied by₁₀0.

Question 14

The purpose of using enough bins is to show the
A) number of observations.
B) number of variables.
C) variation in the data.
D) correlation in the data.

Accepted Answer

The goal is to use enough bins to show the variation in the data, but not so many classes that some contain only a few data items.

Question 15

Data collected from several entities over several time periods is
A) categorical and quantitative datA)
B) time series data.
C) source data.
D) cross-sectional data.

Accepted Answer

Time series data are collected over several time periods.

Question 16

When the data are large and when it is difficult to analyze all at once, which of the following feature in Excel is used to make the data more manageable and to develop insights?
A) Frequency table
B) Sorting and filtering
C) Fill color
D) Charts

Accepted Answer

Excel contains option to sort and filter data so that one can identify patterns of the data more easily.

Question 17

Which of the following gives the proportion of items in each bin?
A) Frequency
B) Percent frequency
C) Relative frequency
D) Bin proportion

Accepted Answer

The relative frequency of a bin equals the fraction or proportion of items belonging to a class.

Question 18

The data on the time taken by₁₀ students in a class to answer a test is an example of
A) population datA)
B) categorical data.
C) time series data.
D) quantitative data.

Accepted Answer

Data are considered quantitative data if numeric and arithmetic operations, such as addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division, can be performed on them.

Question 19

_____ provide facts and figures that can be used for analysis and interpretation of a population of interest.
A) Data
B) Variables
C) Range
D) Query

Accepted Answer

Data are the facts and figures collected, analyzed, and summarized for presentation and interpretation.

Question 20

Compute the relative frequencies for the data given in the table below: 
A) 0.31, 0.14, 0.37, 0.18
B) 0.37, 0.14, 0.31, 0.18
C) 0.14, 0.31, 0.37, 0.18
D) 0.18, 0.31, 0.37, 0.14

Accepted Answer

The relative frequency of a bin equals the fraction or proportion of items belonging to a class. Relative frequency of a bin = Frequency of the bin /n.

Quiz 2: Descriptive Statistics

The data on grades (A, B, C, and D) scored by all students in a test is an example of

A variable whose values are not known with certainty is called a _____.

The act of collecting data that are representative of the population data is called

_____ are collected from several entities at the same point in time.

The difference in a variable measured over observations (time, customers, items, etc.) is called as _____.

A set of values corresponding to a set of variables is defined as a(n) _____.

A variable is defined as a

_____ act(s) as a representative of the population.

The data collected from the customers in restaurants about the quality of food is an example of

In a(n) _____, one or more variables are identified and controlled or manipulated so that data can be obtained about how they influence the variable of interest identified first.

A summary of data that shows the number of observations in each of several nonoverlapping bins is called

Which of the following are necessary to be determined to define the classes for a frequency distribution with quantitative data?

Consider the data below. What percentage of students scored grade C?

The purpose of using enough bins is to show the

Data collected from several entities over several time periods is

When the data are large and when it is difficult to analyze all at once, which of the following feature in Excel is used to make the data more manageable and to develop insights?

Which of the following gives the proportion of items in each bin?

The data on the time taken by₁₀ students in a class to answer a test is an example of

_____ provide facts and figures that can be used for analysis and interpretation of a population of interest.

Compute the relative frequencies for the data given in the table below: