Question 1

The Fourteen Points was a plan developed by ________ to prevent future conflict in Europe by establishing secure borderlines and promoting democratic principles, among other provisions.

Accepted Answer

The Fourteen Points was a plan developed by Woodrow Wilson to prevent future conflict in Europe by establishing secure borderlines and promoting democratic principles, among other provisions.

Question 2

The Monroe Doctrine followed the foreign policy principle of:

Accepted Answer

The Monroe Doctrine was a policy of isolationism, as it aimed to keep European powers out of the Western Hemisphere and maintain a separation between the old world and the new world.

Question 3

Isolationism was a dominant foreign policy principle in the United States before World War I for all of the following reasons EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

Although the U.S. Constitution did not explicitly state isolationism as a foreign policy principle, it did emphasize neutrality in foreign affairs. However, this principle was not the dominant reason for isolationism before World War I. The other options, such as distance from Europe, limited economic interactions, and reduced military threat, were more influential factors in shaping isolationist foreign policy. The ability to expand without conflict with European nations was also a contributing factor, as the United States believed it could focus on westward expansion without external interference.

Question 4

An idealist reason for supporting U.S. action against Syria for human rights violations might be:

Accepted Answer

The idealist reason for supporting U.S. action against Syria for human rights violations is that it is consistent with U.S. moral principles to defend human rights. An idealist believes in following moral principles and values, and taking action against human rights violations aligns with those principles. The other options (A, B, D, and E) are not based on moral principles, but rather political and economic considerations.

Question 5

Following World War II, some American politicians and scholars argued that the United States would need to be more involved in world affairs to deter future international conflicts. This argument is an example of:

Accepted Answer

The argument that the United States needed to be more involved in world affairs to prevent future international conflicts is an expression of internationalism. Internationalism is the belief that nations should work together to promote common interests and address shared challenges. This perspective stands in contrast to isolationism, which holds that a nation should limit its involvement in world affairs to avoid being drawn into conflicts that are not its own.

Question 6

What alliance, organized by the United States, was formed in 1949 to provide military security to all of its members?

Accepted Answer

NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organization) was formed by the United States in 1949 to provide military security to all of its members. The Warsaw Pact was formed by the Soviet Union in 1955 as a response to NATO. The Collective Security Treaty Organization is a post-Soviet organization formed in 2002. The Central Treaty Organization was formed in 1955 by Turkey, Iran, Pakistan, and the United Kingdom as a defense against Soviet expansion. The Treaty of Versailles was a peace treaty signed at the end of World War I.

Question 7

Under President Richard Nixon, the United States and the Soviet Union opened relations with each other. This process was called:

Accepted Answer

The process under President Nixon where the United States and the Soviet Union opened relations with each other was called détente, which aimed to reduce tensions and promote cooperation between the two superpowers.

Question 8

During the Cold War, what doctrine of military strategy and national security toward the Soviet Union involved the United States maintaining a strong military presence and building a stockpile of nuclear weapons?

Accepted Answer

The doctrine of mutually assured destruction (MAD) was a strategy that involved the United States maintaining a strong military presence and building a stockpile of nuclear weapons to deter the Soviet Union from attacking. The idea was that both countries possessed enough nuclear weapons to completely destroy each other, thus making any attack futile and ensuring that neither country would risk initiating a nuclear war.

Question 9

The notion that the United States should use military, diplomatic, and economic means to stop the spread of communism is called:

Accepted Answer

The notion of using military, diplomatic, and economic means to stop the spread of communism is containment. It was a key component of U.S. foreign policy during the Cold War, and was aimed at preventing the spread of Soviet influence and communism around the world.

Question 10

A reason that realists opposed the invasion of Iraq is that they believed:

Accepted Answer

The answer of A reason that realists opposed the invasion...

Question 11

During the Cold War, the United States' shift toward a foreign policy rooted in the principle of internationalism was evident in actions that included all of the following EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

The Monroe Doctrine, which stated that the United States would not tolerate any European intervention in the Western Hemisphere, was not in line with the principle of internationalism. Instead, it was a reflection of the United States' belief in its own superiority and exceptionalism, and a desire to exclude other nations from its sphere of influence. The other actions listed, such as forming international organizations and providing aid and trade agreements, were all aimed at promoting greater cooperation and interdependence among nations, which is consistent with internationalist principles.

Question 12

The 1972 Strategic Arms Limitation Treaty, which limited the growth of U.S. and Soviet missile forces, was a consequence of:

Accepted Answer

The 1972 Strategic Arms Limitation Treaty (SALT) was a result of détente, a period of decreased hostility between the U.S. and the Soviet Union during the Cold War. SALT was a series of agreements that aimed to limit the growth of nuclear weapons and missile systems.

Question 13

What foreign policy philosophy contends that the United States' self-interest is not (or should not be) its only motivating factor in its international decision-making process but that larger moralistic goals such as democratic principles are also to be (or should also be) pursued?

Accepted Answer

This philosophy is known as idealism, which emphasizes the promotion of democratic values and human rights, and not just the pursuit of self-interest, in foreign policy decision-making. It is often contrasted with realism, which prioritizes national interests above moral considerations.

Question 14

The authors of the textbook argue that America's early foreign policy was never completely isolationist. All of the following examples support this contention EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

The Civil War was a domestic conflict and did not involve foreign policy in the traditional sense. The other choices all involve foreign policy actions taken by the United States beyond its borders.

Question 15

What did The Truman Doctrine accomplish?

Accepted Answer

The Truman Doctrine outlined a containment policy against the spread of communism, particularly in Europe, by providing aid and support to countries threatened by communist expansion. It did not directly result in the end of colonialism in the Americas, redrawn European borders, establishment of Soviet Union-East European bloc or an official entrance into the United Nations. It also did not establish a unilateral approach for decisions concerning U.S. foreign policy, as the doctrine emphasized the need for cooperation with other nations.

Question 16

What alliance, organized by the Soviet Union, was formed in 1949 to provide military security to all of its members?

Accepted Answer

The Warsaw Pact was formed by the Soviet Union and its Communist allies in Europe in 1949 as a response to the formation of NATO by the United States and its Western European allies. The purpose of the Warsaw Pact was to provide mutual military security to all its members in case of an attack by NATO or any other country outside the alliance.

Question 17

Although the League of Nations was not successful, it led to the creation of:

Accepted Answer

The League of Nations played a significant role in the creation of the United Nations, which was established after World War II. The United Nations aimed to maintain peace and security and promote cooperation among member states, just like the League of Nations. Therefore, D is the best choice.

Question 18

Which of the following would be an isolationist objection to the United States intervening in Syria?

Accepted Answer

An isolationist objection would argue that the United States should not be interfering in the affairs of other nations, as this goes against the principle of non-intervention and promotes isolationism.

Question 19

Following World War II, some American politicians and scholars argued that the United States would need to be more involved in world affairs specifically because the United States had a moral obligation to preserve world peace. This argument is an example of:

Accepted Answer

The argument that the United States had a moral obligation to preserve world peace is an example of idealism, which emphasizes the importance of moral values and international cooperation in world affairs.

Question 20

Largely associated with the Vietnam War, the ________ theory argued that if South Vietnam fell under communist control, then other nations in Southeast Asia would also fall under communist control.

Accepted Answer

The theory is commonly known as the "domino theory," which suggests that the fall of one country to communism would lead to the fall of its neighboring countries in a chain reaction, much like a line of falling dominoes.

Quiz 15: Foreign Policy