Presidents Can Avoid Ratification of a Treaty by Simply Announcing

Presidents can avoid ratification of a treaty by simply announcing that the United States will comply. The disadvantage of this strategy is that it:

A) limits the ability of the president to enforce the treaty.
B) requires a congressional resolution to make the treaty politically viable.
C) it is illegal according to earlier rulings by the Supreme Court.
D) risks the treaty being easily undone by future presidential administrations.
E) often leads to a drop in the president's public approval ratings.