Question 1

We find that 47% of 500 Democrats are against a certain policy. Which is the best statistical procedure to use?
A) a chi-square test
B) a confidence interval
C) a t-test
D) ANOVA

Accepted Answer

We have the proportion for a single group and a sample size.

Question 2

If the population mean for men is the same as the population mean for women, which of the following is least likely:
A) the mean of a sample drawn from the population of men will be much higher than the mean of a sample drawn from the population of women
B) the mean of a sample drawn from the population of men will be a bit higher than the mean of a sample drawn from the population of women
C) the mean of a sample drawn from the population of women will be a bit higher than the mean of a sample drawn from the population of men
D) the mean of a sample drawn from the population of women will be equal or nearly equal to the mean of a sample drawn from the population of men

Accepted Answer

Option A is least likely because if the population means for men and women are the same, it is less probable that a sample will show a much higher mean for one gender over the other compared to the other options which suggest smaller differences or equality between sample means.

Question 3

In a sampling distribution of sample mean differences, each "building block" represents:
A) a person
B) a sample mean
C) the difference between a sample mean and the population mean
D) the difference between two sample means

Accepted Answer

The "building block" in a sampling distribution of sample mean differences represents the difference between two sample means, as it focuses on comparing the means from two different samples.

Question 4

We want to see if Democrats and Republicans differ in income (measured in dollars). Which is the best statistical procedure to use?
A) a chi-square test
B) a confidence interval
C) a t-test
D) ANOVA

Accepted Answer

There are two groups and we want to see if the means differ.

Question 5

We run a t-test that elicits a conclusion of p<.01. Now, we draw samples that have twice the variation, but the rest of the statistics stay the same. Based on these new findings, which of the following cannot be true?
A) p>.05
B) p<.05
C) p<.01
D) p<.001

Accepted Answer

Increasing the variation in the samples generally increases the p-value, making it less likely to be smaller than the original p-value. Therefore, p<.001 cannot be true if the variation has doubled.

Question 6

We run a t-test that elicits a conclusion of p<.05. Now, we draw samples twice as large and the rest of the statistics stay the same. Based on these new findings, which of the following cannot be true?
A) p>.05
B) p<.05
C) p<.01
D) p<.001

Accepted Answer

If the sample size is increased while keeping the other statistics constant, the t-value gets smaller and the p-value gets larger. Therefore, it is impossible for the new p-value to be smaller than the original p-value, so B, C, and D are all possible outcomes. However, it is possible for the new p-value to be greater than .05, so A cannot be true.

Question 7

We want to see if Democrats, Independents, and Republicans differ in income (measured in dollars). Which is the best statistical procedure to use?
A) a chi-square test
B) a confidence interval
C) a t-test
D) ANOVA

Accepted Answer

There are three groups and we want to see if the means differ.

Question 8

Which of these is NOT a calculation used in ANOVA?
A) within-group sum of squares
B) between-group sum of squares
C) across-group sum of squares
D) all of these calculations are part of ANOVA

Accepted Answer

ANOVA involves calculating within-group sum of squares and between-group sum of squares, but there is no calculation called across-group sum of squares.

Question 9

Which of these is most similar to calculating the variance?
A) calculating the between groups sum of squares
B) calculating the within groups sum of squares
C) calculating the F-value
D) calculating the t-value

Accepted Answer

Calculating the variance involves finding the differences between each data point and the mean, squaring those differences, and then taking the average of those squared differences. Similarly, calculating the within groups sum of squares in ANOVA involves finding the differences between each data point and its group mean, squaring those differences, and then summing the squared differences across all groups. Both calculations involve measuring the variability within a dataset.

Question 10

We have statistics for a variable for six samples: Catholic men, Jewish men, Muslim men, Catholic women, Jewish women, and Muslim women. We run an ANOVA for the male groups, and find that p<.01, meaning that we can claim that the male means are not the same. If each of the women's groups has twice the variation on the variable as each corresponding male group, which of the following cannot be true?
A) p>.05
B) p<.05
C) p<.01
D) p<.001

Accepted Answer

If the women's groups have twice the variation as the male groups, it is less likely to find a significant difference among the women's groups. Therefore, a very small p-value like p<.001 is unlikely.

Question 11

In the example about housework attitudes and housework behavior, which of the following best captures the major finding?
A) Men's behavior seems to be affected by their attitudes, but women's attitudes do not seem to be affected by their attitudes.
B) Women's attitudes seem to be affected by their attitudes, but men's attitudes do not seem to be affected by their attitudes.
C) Both men's and women's behavior seem to be affected their attitudes.
D) Neither men's nor women's behavior seems to be affected by their attitudes.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In the example about housework attitudes and...

Question 12

According to the textbook, how are chi-square and ANOVA similar to one another?
A) both set up hypothetical situations to which you compare your real data
B) both use ratio-level variables
C) both use ordinal-level variables
D) both have the goal of achieving statistical significance by having the real data be as similar as possible to the hypothetical data

Accepted Answer

Both chi-square and ANOVA require setting up a hypothetical situation (null hypothesis) to which the real data is compared.

Question 13

We want to see if Democrats, Independents, and Republicans differ in income (measured as low, medium, and high). Which is the best statistical procedures to use?
A) a chi-square test
B) a confidence interval
C) a t-test
D) ANOVA

Accepted Answer

We have multiple groups and we want to compare them on an ordinal-level variable.

Question 14

In the example about sleep problems and hours spent on email, the primary problem with the sneaky researcher's ANOVA results was that:
A) there were only five cases in each group
B) three of the four groups had very similar means
C) the data were based on a non-random sample
D) he was comparing only two groups

Accepted Answer

The primary problem with the sneaky researcher's ANOVA results was that three of the four groups had very similar means, suggesting that the email variable was not a significant predictor of sleep problems. Additionally, there may be other confounding variables that were not controlled for in the study. However, the size of the sample and the fact that the data were based on a non-random sample could also be potential issues. The fact that he was comparing only two groups is not applicable, as there were four groups in the study.

Question 15

In Willer's research on overdoing gender, which of the following what NOT a measure that he used?
A) support for the war in Iraq
B) hostility toward homosexuality
C) unwillingness to show pain
D) desirability of SUV

Accepted Answer

Willer's research did not use "unwillingness to show pain" as a measure. The study focused on how men react to threats to their masculinity, using measures like support for the war in Iraq, hostility toward homosexuality, and the desirability of SUVs.

Question 16

In Willer's research on gender threat, who responded to the gender threat at a statistically significant level?
A) men
B) women
C) both men and women
D) neither men nor women

Accepted Answer

Willer's research found that men responded to gender threat at a statistically significant level, indicating that their behaviors or attitudes changed in a measurable way when their masculinity was challenged.

Question 17

Which of the following is a way the textbook critiques Willer's experiment?
A) the sample size wasn't large enough
B) there were more men in the sample than women
C) the subjects were not briefed about the point of the survey afterwards
D) the subjects were not drawn randomly from the university's list of students

Accepted Answer

The textbook critiques Willer's experiment because the subjects were not drawn randomly from the university's list of students. This means that the sample may not have been representative of the larger population and could have introduced bias into the results. The other options (A, B, and C) are not mentioned as critiques of the experiment in the textbook.

Question 18

What research method does Abascal use in her article on race relations?
A) secondary analysis of others' survey data
B) analysis of survey data she herself collected
C) content analysis of television police dramas
D) experimentation

Accepted Answer

The answer of What research method does Abascal use in...

Question 19

What statistical procedure does Abascal use in her article on race relations?
A) chi-square
B) confidence intervals
C) t-tests
D) ANOVA

Accepted Answer

The answer of What statistical procedure does Abascal use in...

Question 20

How many groups did Abascal use in her article on race relations?
A) 2
B) 4
C) 6
D) 8

Accepted Answer

The answer of How many groups did Abascal use in...

Quiz 6: Using Multiple Sample Means to Talk About Populations: T-Tests and Anova

We find that 47% of 500 Democrats are against a certain policy. Which is the best statistical procedure to use?

If the population mean for men is the same as the population mean for women, which of the following is least likely:

In a sampling distribution of sample mean differences, each "building block" represents:

We want to see if Democrats and Republicans differ in income (measured in dollars) . Which is the best statistical procedure to use?

We run a t-test that elicits a conclusion of p<.01. Now, we draw samples that have twice the variation, but the rest of the statistics stay the same. Based on these new findings, which of the following cannot be true?

We run a t-test that elicits a conclusion of p<.05. Now, we draw samples twice as large and the rest of the statistics stay the same. Based on these new findings, which of the following cannot be true?

We want to see if Democrats, Independents, and Republicans differ in income (measured in dollars) . Which is the best statistical procedure to use?

Which of these is NOT a calculation used in ANOVA?

Which of these is most similar to calculating the variance?

In the example about housework attitudes and housework behavior, which of the following best captures the major finding?

According to the textbook, how are chi-square and ANOVA similar to one another?

We want to see if Democrats, Independents, and Republicans differ in income (measured as low, medium, and high) . Which is the best statistical procedures to use?

In the example about sleep problems and hours spent on email, the primary problem with the sneaky researcher's ANOVA results was that:

In Willer's research on overdoing gender, which of the following what NOT a measure that he used?

In Willer's research on gender threat, who responded to the gender threat at a statistically significant level?

Which of the following is a way the textbook critiques Willer's experiment?

What research method does Abascal use in her article on race relations?

What statistical procedure does Abascal use in her article on race relations?

How many groups did Abascal use in her article on race relations?