Altruism is defined as a direct desire to benefit others for their own sake, without any expectation of personal gain or benefit. Choice A is too broad, as not all actions that benefit others are driven by altruistic motives. Choice C is actually a description of a more self-interested behavior known as reciprocity or mutualism.

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Altruism Is

Question 8

Multiple Choice

Altruism is

A) any action that benefits others.
B) a direct desire to benefit others for their own sake.
C) a desire to benefit others in order to further our own ends.
D) All of the above

Correct Answer: