Question 1

The structure of the perovskite (calcium titanate) is given below. What is the coordination number of the two cations? Please select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

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Question 2

The ionic radius of an atom can be measured by X-ray diffraction.

Accepted Answer

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Question 3

Magnesium oxide crystallizes with the sodium chloride structure. Magnesium oxide obeys the radius ratio rule for this structure.

Accepted Answer

The sodium chloride crystal structure requires a radius ratio of r+/r- between 0.414 and 0.732 for stability. Magnesium ion has a radius of 0.66Å and oxide ion has a radius of 1.40Å, giving a radius ratio of 0.47 which falls within the required range. Therefore, magnesium oxide obeys the radius ratio rule for the sodium chloride structure.

Question 4

Use the following data to construct a thermochemical cycle for the formation of ZnS from its elements and use the cycle to calculate the enthalpy of formation of ZnS. Zn (s)$\rightarrow$ Zn (g) 130 kJ mol^-1 Zn (g) $\rightarrow$ Zn⁺ (g) 906 kJ mol^-1 Zn⁺ (g) $\rightarrow$Zn²⁺ (g) 1733 kJ mol^-1 ZnS (s) $\rightarrow$Zn²⁺ (g) + S^2- (g) 3048 kJ mol^-1 S (s) $\rightarrow$ S (g) 233 kJ mol^-1 S (s) $\rightarrow$ S^- (g) -200 kJ mol^-1 S^- (s) $\rightarrow$ S^2- (g) 456 kJ mol^-1

Accepted Answer

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Question 5

Match the value of Born exponent with the appropriate compound. given that the Born exponent values for the individual ions are BeS1U1P12+S1S1P0 = 5, FS1U1P1-S1S1P0 = 7, ZnS1U1P12+S1S1P0, SS1U1P12-S1S1P0 and ClS1U1P1-S1S1P0 = 9, RbS1U1P1+S1S1P0 = 10, CsS1U1P1+S1S1P0 = 12 respectively.
-ZnS

Accepted Answer

The Born exponent for ZnS is calculated by averaging the Born exponents of Zn2+ and S2-, which are 9 and 5 respectively. (9 + 5) / 2 = 7. However, the closest given option is 9.0, which is the typical value used for ZnS in many contexts.

Question 6

Match the value of Born exponent with the appropriate compound. given that the Born exponent values for the individual ions are BeS1U1P12+S1S1P0 = 5, FS1U1P1-S1S1P0 = 7, ZnS1U1P12+S1S1P0, SS1U1P12-S1S1P0 and ClS1U1P1-S1S1P0 = 9, RbS1U1P1+S1S1P0 = 10, CsS1U1P1+S1S1P0 = 12 respectively.
-CsCl

Accepted Answer

The answer of Match the value of Born exponent with...

Question 7

Match the value of Born exponent with the appropriate compound. given that the Born exponent values for the individual ions are BeS1U1P12+S1S1P0 = 5, FS1U1P1-S1S1P0 = 7, ZnS1U1P12+S1S1P0, SS1U1P12-S1S1P0 and ClS1U1P1-S1S1P0 = 9, RbS1U1P1+S1S1P0 = 10, CsS1U1P1+S1S1P0 = 12 respectively. -BeF₂

Accepted Answer

We can calculate the Born exponent for BeF₂ using the following equation: Born exponent = (charge of cation x charge of anion)/(distance between ions) For BeF₂, the charges of the ions are +2 and -1, respectively. The distance between the ions can be estimated by summing the ionic radii for Be2+ and F- and dividing by 2: distance = (0.31 nm + 0.13 nm)/2 = 0.22 nm. Plugging these values into the equation, we get: Born exponent = (2 x 1)/(0.22 nm) = 9.09 This value is closest to option C, 6.33. It is important to note that the Born exponent is a rough estimate and can vary depending on the method used to calculate it.

Question 8

Match the value of Born exponent with the appropriate compound. given that the Born exponent values for the individual ions are BeS1U1P12+S1S1P0 = 5, FS1U1P1-S1S1P0 = 7, ZnS1U1P12+S1S1P0, SS1U1P12-S1S1P0 and ClS1U1P1-S1S1P0 = 9, RbS1U1P1+S1S1P0 = 10, CsS1U1P1+S1S1P0 = 12 respectively.
-RbCl

Accepted Answer

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Question 9

Use the Born Lande equation to calculate the lattice energy of MgO given that r = 210.5 pm.

Accepted Answer

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Question 10

Use the Kapustinskii equation to estimate the lattice enthalpy for KBr given that the ionic radii are 138 and 196 pm for K⁺ and Br^- respectively.

Accepted Answer

The Kapustinskii equation estimates lattice enthalpy using ionic charges and radii. For KBr, using the given ionic radii and charges, the calculation aligns with option A, 646 kJ mol^-1.

Question 11

Iron and cobalt both have similar low electronegativities. The predicted structure based on this information is an alloy.

Accepted Answer

Since iron and cobalt have similar low electronegativities, they are both metals with similar properties. Therefore, it is likely that they will form an alloy when combined.

Quiz 6: Solids

The structure of the perovskite (calcium titanate) is given below. What is the coordination number of the two cations? Please select all that apply.

The ionic radius of an atom can be measured by X-ray diffraction.

Magnesium oxide crystallizes with the sodium chloride structure. Magnesium oxide obeys the radius ratio rule for this structure.

Match the value of Born exponent with the appropriate compound. given that the Born exponent values for the individual ions are Be²⁺ = 5, F^- = 7, Zn²⁺, S^2- and Cl^- = 9, Rb⁺ = 10, Cs⁺ = 12 respectively. -ZnS

Match the value of Born exponent with the appropriate compound. given that the Born exponent values for the individual ions are Be²⁺ = 5, F^- = 7, Zn²⁺, S^2- and Cl^- = 9, Rb⁺ = 10, Cs⁺ = 12 respectively. -CsCl

Match the value of Born exponent with the appropriate compound. given that the Born exponent values for the individual ions are Be²⁺ = 5, F^- = 7, Zn²⁺, S^2- and Cl^- = 9, Rb⁺ = 10, Cs⁺ = 12 respectively. -BeF₂

Match the value of Born exponent with the appropriate compound. given that the Born exponent values for the individual ions are Be²⁺ = 5, F^- = 7, Zn²⁺, S^2- and Cl^- = 9, Rb⁺ = 10, Cs⁺ = 12 respectively. -RbCl

Use the Born Lande equation to calculate the lattice energy of MgO given that r = 210.5 pm.

Use the Kapustinskii equation to estimate the lattice enthalpy for KBr given that the ionic radii are 138 and 196 pm for K⁺ and Br^- respectively.

Iron and cobalt both have similar low electronegativities. The predicted structure based on this information is an alloy.

Quiz 6: Solids

The structure of the perovskite (calcium titanate) is given below. What is the coordination number of the two cations? Please select all that apply.

The ionic radius of an atom can be measured by X-ray diffraction.

Magnesium oxide crystallizes with the sodium chloride structure. Magnesium oxide obeys the radius ratio rule for this structure.

Match the value of Born exponent with the appropriate compound. given that the Born exponent values for the individual ions are Be2+ = 5, F- = 7, Zn2+, S2- and Cl- = 9, Rb+ = 10, Cs+ = 12 respectively. -ZnS

Match the value of Born exponent with the appropriate compound. given that the Born exponent values for the individual ions are Be2+ = 5, F- = 7, Zn2+, S2- and Cl- = 9, Rb+ = 10, Cs+ = 12 respectively. -CsCl

Match the value of Born exponent with the appropriate compound. given that the Born exponent values for the individual ions are Be2+ = 5, F- = 7, Zn2+, S2- and Cl- = 9, Rb+ = 10, Cs+ = 12 respectively. -BeF2

Match the value of Born exponent with the appropriate compound. given that the Born exponent values for the individual ions are Be2+ = 5, F- = 7, Zn2+, S2- and Cl- = 9, Rb+ = 10, Cs+ = 12 respectively. -RbCl

Use the Born Lande equation to calculate the lattice energy of MgO given that r = 210.5 pm.

Use the Kapustinskii equation to estimate the lattice enthalpy for KBr given that the ionic radii are 138 and 196 pm for K+ and Br- respectively.

Iron and cobalt both have similar low electronegativities. The predicted structure based on this information is an alloy.

Match the value of Born exponent with the appropriate compound. given that the Born exponent values for the individual ions are Be²⁺ = 5, F^- = 7, Zn²⁺, S^2- and Cl^- = 9, Rb⁺ = 10, Cs⁺ = 12 respectively. -ZnS

Match the value of Born exponent with the appropriate compound. given that the Born exponent values for the individual ions are Be²⁺ = 5, F^- = 7, Zn²⁺, S^2- and Cl^- = 9, Rb⁺ = 10, Cs⁺ = 12 respectively. -CsCl

Match the value of Born exponent with the appropriate compound. given that the Born exponent values for the individual ions are Be²⁺ = 5, F^- = 7, Zn²⁺, S^2- and Cl^- = 9, Rb⁺ = 10, Cs⁺ = 12 respectively. -BeF₂

Match the value of Born exponent with the appropriate compound. given that the Born exponent values for the individual ions are Be²⁺ = 5, F^- = 7, Zn²⁺, S^2- and Cl^- = 9, Rb⁺ = 10, Cs⁺ = 12 respectively. -RbCl

Use the Kapustinskii equation to estimate the lattice enthalpy for KBr given that the ionic radii are 138 and 196 pm for K⁺ and Br^- respectively.