Question 1

Researchers conducted tests on a patient suffering from damage to the corpus callosum by presenting images of objects in one part of the visual field. In which situation is the patient most likely to confabulate when asked to explain a given response to visual stimulation?

Accepted Answer

When an object is presented in the left part of the visual field, it is processed by the right hemisphere of the brain. In a person with damage to the corpus callosum, this information cannot be transferred to the left hemisphere, which is responsible for language production. Therefore, when asked to describe the object, the patient is more likely to confabulate, or make up a response, because they do not have access to the information. This phenomenon is known as "left-hemisphere interpreter" and is common in patients with corpus callosum damage.

Question 2

Libet's study involving the measurement of readiness potential in the motor cortex helped to

Accepted Answer

Libet's study suggested that the brain activity related to a decision to move the finger occurred before the person was consciously aware of making the decision. This finding challenged the traditional view of free will and suggested that our conscious experience of making a decision may be a post hoc rationalization rather than the true cause of the decision.

Question 3

Circadian rhythms in humans play the most significant role in explaining

Accepted Answer

Circadian rhythms refer to the natural 24-hour cycle that regulates various physiological processes in the body, including sleep-wake cycles. Jet lag occurs when a person's circadian rhythms become disrupted due to travel across multiple time zones. Therefore, it can be said that circadian rhythms play a significant role in explaining jet lag.

Question 4

Neil takes a nonstop flight from the northwestern United States to the southeastern United States, crossing three time zones. On his first night, it is likely that he will

Accepted Answer

Crossing three time zones will result in a significant change in Neil's circadian rhythm, making it more difficult for him to fall asleep at his regular time. This is known as jet lag, a common phenomenon experienced by travelers who cross multiple time zones. The change in climate and the length of the plane trip are unlikely to have a significant impact on his sleep. Stress can impact sleep, but there is no specific indication that Neil will experience enough stress to affect his dreaming.

Question 5

The night before an important meeting, Ryan was anxious and had difficulty falling asleep. Once asleep, he slept restlessly and awoke after just four hours. The next day he was disorganized in the meeting, and he forgot several of the important details he had wanted to discuss. Which conclusion about Ryan's experience is accurate?

Accepted Answer

The answer of The night before an important meeting, Ryan...

Question 6

Over the past three nights, Sabrina has averaged about five hours of sleep per night, compared to her usual eight hours. During which activities in her daily routine is she most likely to notice the effects of her change in sleep patterns?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Over the past three nights, Sabrina has...

Question 7

Use the following to answer questions :
Refer to the figure below.
 
-Brainwaves with the highest amplitude occur during _______ sleep.

Accepted Answer

Brainwaves with the highest amplitude occur during stage 3 sleep, also known as deep sleep or slow-wave sleep. This stage is characterized by delta waves, which are the slowest and have the highest amplitude of all sleep stages.

Question 8

Use the following to answer questions :
Refer to the figure below.
 
-_______ is characterized by K complexes, and _______ is characterized by slow-wave sleep.

Accepted Answer

Stage 2 sleep is characterized by K complexes, while stage 3 sleep is characterized by slow-wave sleep.

Question 9

Use the following to answer questions :
Refer to the figure below.
 
-The appearance of vertex spikes characterizes the transition from a

Accepted Answer

The appearance of vertex spikes characterizes the transition from a light sleep to a moderately heavy sleep.

Question 10

Use the following to answer questions :
Refer to the figure below.
 
-Which stages are often grouped together in one category?

Accepted Answer

Stage 1, stage 2, and stage 3 SWS (slow-wave sleep) are often grouped together as non-REM (NREM) sleep stages.

Question 11

Use the following to answer questions :
Refer to the figure below.
 
-Which stage shown is characterized as registering a desynchronized EEG?

Accepted Answer

During the waking state, the EEG is characterized by a mix of many different high frequencies, which is indicative of a desynchronized pattern. This reflects the varied and rapid neuronal activity occurring in the brain when a person is awake and alert.

Question 12

Which trait is the strongest indicator of an individual's susceptibility to hypnotic suggestion?

Accepted Answer

Imaginativeness is the strongest indicator of an individual's susceptibility to hypnotic suggestion according to research in the field of hypnosis. Intelligence, indecisiveness, and introversion have not been found to consistently predict susceptibility to hypnosis.

Question 13

Which observation reflects a significant research finding used to discredit age regression hypnosis techniques?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which observation reflects a significant research finding...

Question 14

Hypnosis has been applied most successfully for

Accepted Answer

Hypnosis has been found to be an effective tool for managing pain, especially chronic pain. It has been used as a complementary therapy alongside traditional medical treatments for conditions like cancer, arthritis, and fibromyalgia. While hypnosis may be applicable to other areas like problem solving, emotional recovery, and memory improvement, it has been most successful in managing pain.

Question 15

The _______ theory of hypnosis holds that a subject under hypnosis is _______.

Accepted Answer

The "trance" theory of hypnosis holds that a subject under hypnosis is in an altered state of consciousness, which aligns with the definition of being in a trance. This theory suggests that individuals who are hypnotized are not fully aware of their surroundings and are highly suggestible. The other options do not accurately reflect the trance theory of hypnosis.

Question 16

Harold suffers from a neurological disorder that affects dopamine levels in his brain. In response to this, his doctor has prescribed a medication with an agonist as the active ingredient. In light of this information, it is likely that

Accepted Answer

An agonist medication stimulates the production of dopamine, suggesting that Harold's dopamine levels are low due to his neurological disorder.

Question 17

Tranquilizers and barbiturates both affect the brain by

Accepted Answer

Both tranquilizers and barbiturates enhance the activity of the neurotransmitter GABA in the brain. They make GABA receptors more receptive to the neurotransmitter, resulting in a calming effect on the brain and body.

Question 18

Clara has found it extremely difficult to study for extended periods. She feels restless on many occasions and is constantly stopping work to check for messages on her phone. When she described these and other symptoms to her doctor, he prescribed a stimulant that eventually helped her to study. The most likely explanation for the doctor's decision is that the active ingredient in the stimulant

Accepted Answer

The doctor's decision to prescribe a stimulant suggests that Clara may have difficulty with attention and focus while studying, which could potentially be improved by boosting activity in brain areas involved in higher mental functions. Therefore, choice C is the most likely explanation for the doctor's decision. Options A, B, and D are not relevant to Clara's symptoms or the mechanism of action of stimulants used to improve focus and attention.

Question 19

Some stimulants tend to reduce hyperactivity because they

Accepted Answer

Stimulants such as methylphenidate and amphetamines increase the activity of dopamine and norepinephrine in certain brain regions, which can increase attentiveness and reduce hyperactivity. They do not block inhibiting neurotransmitters, redirect signals of neurons, or affect receptors that reduce neurotransmitter levels.

Question 20

Which drug acts as an agonist at opioid receptors?

Accepted Answer

Heroin acts as an agonist at opioid receptors, producing feelings of euphoria and pain relief. Nicotine is a stimulant that binds to nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, marijuana contains cannabinoids that bind to CB1 and CB2 receptors, and LSD is a hallucinogen that binds to serotonin receptors.

Quiz 7: Consciousness

Researchers conducted tests on a patient suffering from damage to the corpus callosum by presenting images of objects in one part of the visual field. In which situation is the patient most likely to confabulate when asked to explain a given response to visual stimulation?

Libet's study involving the measurement of readiness potential in the motor cortex helped to

Circadian rhythms in humans play the most significant role in explaining

Neil takes a nonstop flight from the northwestern United States to the southeastern United States, crossing three time zones. On his first night, it is likely that he will

Over the past three nights, Sabrina has averaged about five hours of sleep per night, compared to her usual eight hours. During which activities in her daily routine is she most likely to notice the effects of her change in sleep patterns?

Use the following to answer questions : Refer to the figure below. -Brainwaves with the highest amplitude occur during _______ sleep.

Use the following to answer questions : Refer to the figure below. -_ is characterized by K complexes, and _ is characterized by slow-wave sleep.

Use the following to answer questions : Refer to the figure below. -The appearance of vertex spikes characterizes the transition from a

Use the following to answer questions : Refer to the figure below. -Which stages are often grouped together in one category?

Use the following to answer questions : Refer to the figure below. -Which stage shown is characterized as registering a desynchronized EEG?

Which trait is the strongest indicator of an individual's susceptibility to hypnotic suggestion?

Which observation reflects a significant research finding used to discredit age regression hypnosis techniques?

Hypnosis has been applied most successfully for

The _ theory of hypnosis holds that a subject under hypnosis is _.

Harold suffers from a neurological disorder that affects dopamine levels in his brain. In response to this, his doctor has prescribed a medication with an agonist as the active ingredient. In light of this information, it is likely that

Tranquilizers and barbiturates both affect the brain by

Some stimulants tend to reduce hyperactivity because they

Which drug acts as an agonist at opioid receptors?

Quiz 7: Consciousness

Researchers conducted tests on a patient suffering from damage to the corpus callosum by presenting images of objects in one part of the visual field. In which situation is the patient most likely to confabulate when asked to explain a given response to visual stimulation?

Libet's study involving the measurement of readiness potential in the motor cortex helped to

Circadian rhythms in humans play the most significant role in explaining

Neil takes a nonstop flight from the northwestern United States to the southeastern United States, crossing three time zones. On his first night, it is likely that he will

Over the past three nights, Sabrina has averaged about five hours of sleep per night, compared to her usual eight hours. During which activities in her daily routine is she most likely to notice the effects of her change in sleep patterns?

Use the following to answer questions : Refer to the figure below. -Brainwaves with the highest amplitude occur during _______ sleep.

Use the following to answer questions : Refer to the figure below. -_______ is characterized by K complexes, and _______ is characterized by slow-wave sleep.

Use the following to answer questions : Refer to the figure below. -The appearance of vertex spikes characterizes the transition from a

Use the following to answer questions : Refer to the figure below. -Which stages are often grouped together in one category?

Use the following to answer questions : Refer to the figure below. -Which stage shown is characterized as registering a desynchronized EEG?

Which trait is the strongest indicator of an individual's susceptibility to hypnotic suggestion?

Which observation reflects a significant research finding used to discredit age regression hypnosis techniques?

Hypnosis has been applied most successfully for

The _______ theory of hypnosis holds that a subject under hypnosis is _______.

Harold suffers from a neurological disorder that affects dopamine levels in his brain. In response to this, his doctor has prescribed a medication with an agonist as the active ingredient. In light of this information, it is likely that

Tranquilizers and barbiturates both affect the brain by

Some stimulants tend to reduce hyperactivity because they

Which drug acts as an agonist at opioid receptors?

Use the following to answer questions : Refer to the figure below. -_ is characterized by K complexes, and _ is characterized by slow-wave sleep.

The _ theory of hypnosis holds that a subject under hypnosis is _.