Question 1

At one point in time, it was assumed to be natural that people who loved each other got married, that sexual love bound men and women permanently to one another, and that heterosexual married lovers would have children. Contemporary debates surrounding gay marriage, however, are an example of what social process?

Accepted Answer

The social process being exemplified in contemporary debates surrounding gay marriage is denaturalization, which challenges the assumption that heterosexual marriage and procreation are the only natural and acceptable options for romantic and sexual relationships. Choices B, C, and D are not accurate descriptions of this social process.

Question 2

In recent decades, changes in family structure in the United States can be attributed to:

Accepted Answer

All of the above options are correct. There has been a decline in the proportion of single-income families, as more families have both parents working. More children are also living with single mothers as the divorce rate has increased. This has also resulted in an upsurge in dual-income families as single mothers often have to work to support themselves and their children.

Question 3

Marriage and the family are examples of __________________, or institutions that structure socialization and the affectual life.

Accepted Answer

C

Question 4

Which of the following statements is an example of a functionalist argument?

Accepted Answer

Functionalism views society as a complex system whose parts work together to promote solidarity and stability. Statement A reflects this by suggesting that traditional gender roles contribute to the stability and functioning of society by supporting the economy and ensuring proper socialization of children.

Question 5

Which of the following is not a trend in recent marriage statistic that poses a major challenge to naturalistic views of marriage?

Accepted Answer

All the options (A, B, C, D) are indeed trends observed in recent marriage statistics. These trends challenge traditional or naturalistic views of marriage, which typically emphasize early marriage, the necessity of marriage for legitimate relationships, procreation, and lifelong commitment. None of the options listed stands out as not being a trend, hence none of them poses a challenge to the statement.

Question 6

The way in which work responsibilities inside and outside of the home are allocated between men and women might be referred to as:

Accepted Answer

The term "Gendered Division of Labor" refers to how work responsibilities are divided based on gender, with women often taking on more domestic and caregiving tasks while men are more involved in paid work outside of the home. A is incorrect as patriarchy refers to a broader system of male domination and power. B is incorrect as stratification refers to broader patterns of social inequality, while D is too general and does not specifically address gendered responsibilities.

Question 7

Which of the following is an example of a rate?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following is an example...

Question 8

In postmodern society, many women are choosing to delay marriage. According to Chapter 7, why is this significant?

Accepted Answer

The significance of women choosing to delay marriage in postmodern society encompasses a variety of factors, including facing a restricted supply of available partners, evidence of changing gender roles and societal values with more women prioritizing career opportunities, an increase in couples choosing not to have children, and the shift towards viewing marriage patterns as a matter of personal choice rather than a social requirement.

Question 9

Increasing support for non-heterosexual relationships, such as civil unions and same sex partnerships, might be considered as evidence that:

Accepted Answer

The increasing support for non-heterosexual relationships can be seen as a shift towards greater acceptance and recognition of the diverse ways in which people can form meaningful emotional connections and make commitments to each other. It does not necessarily mean that family values are deteriorating or that conservatives are losing their hold on American politics, although these may be factors that contribute to the changing attitudes towards non-heterosexual relationships.

Question 10

According to Chapter 7, what legal term might be used to describe marriage?

Accepted Answer

Chapter 7 discusses marriage as a legal contract between two individuals.

Question 11

France has created a new form of legal partnership which gives couples some of the benefits and responsibilities of marriage, but not all. This is one example of a phenomenon referred to as:

Accepted Answer

The creation of a new form of legal partnership in France reflects the transformation of marriage, as it offers an alternative to traditional marriage with some similar benefits and responsibilities.

Question 12

A family organization consisting of a husband, wife, and the children who are their offspring is called:

Accepted Answer

A nuclear family is a basic family unit consisting of parents and their children. It is the most common type of family in modern societies. B) Extended family refers to a family consisting of multiple generations and branches, including grandparents, aunts, uncles, and cousins. C) Bionic family and D) Detached family are not recognized terms in sociology. Therefore, the best choice is A) Nuclear Family.

Question 13

A family organization that combines several generations and a variety of different kinship relations is called:

Accepted Answer

An extended family consists of multiple generations and a variety of different kinship relations. This type of family structure is common in many cultures around the world. A nuclear family consists of only parents and their children, while a bionic family and detached family are not common terms used in sociology or anthropology.

Question 14

What distinction does William Goode draw between a 'family unit' and a 'family system'?

Accepted Answer

William Goode draws a distinction between "family unit" and "family system" in terms of the more traditional notion of family as a system in which the individuals are interdependent and work together as a microsocial system, versus the modern family as a self-sustaining group. Option A is incorrect because it describes a family unit as operating like a team or factory assembly line, which does not align with Goode's distinction. Option B is incorrect because it does not capture the essence of either "family unit" or "family system."

Question 15

According to Chapter 7, what change in society contributed heavily to the emergence of the conjugal family?

Accepted Answer

The Industrial Revolution contributed heavily to the emergence of the conjugal family by shifting the economic center from the household to the workplace, leading to a separation of home and work and the development of separate gender roles within the family.

Question 16

In addition to the positive implications of the conjugal family, there were also negative implications. Which of the following statements describes one of the negative implications of the conjugal family discussed in Chapter 7?

Accepted Answer

All of the statements listed in options A, B, C, and D describe negative implications of the conjugal family discussed in Chapter 7. Restrictive protective legislation may have initially provided some protection for women and children, but it also limited their participation in economic life. Women were expected to take on the primary role of parenting and were often criticized if they tried to participate in public life or economic production outside of the home. Men often held a position of power within the conjugal family and may have defined their wives as inferior or dependent.

Question 17

A set of ideologies that promote women's equality and the end of sexist practices or a framework used to observe and interpret gender is referred to as:

Accepted Answer

Feminism is defined as a set of ideologies that promote women's equality and the end of sexist practices. It is a movement that advocates for social, political, and economic equality between genders.

Question 18

The postmodern process by which strict divisions between male/female, public/private, and instrumental/expressive characterizing the modern family have been undone is sometimes called:

Accepted Answer

The process by which strict divisions between male/female, public/private, and instrumental/expressive characterizing the modern family have been undone is called degendering. This term refers to a shift away from defining roles and expectations based solely on gender, and towards a more fluid understanding of identity and family dynamics. The Equal Rights Movement and Feminist Activism have played important roles in advancing gender equality, but they are not specifically focused on undoing these traditional divisions within the family.

Question 19

According to Chapter 7, what consequences of reproductive technology might we see in the future?

Accepted Answer

All of the given options are mentioned as potential consequences of reproductive technology in Chapter 7. Heterosexuality may not be necessary for reproduction, advances in reproductive technology may reduce the importance of a woman's 'biological clock', childrearing could potentially take place at any time in adult life, and longer life spans could further reduce the centrality of childrearing to family life. Therefore, option E is the correct answer.

Question 20

Which of the following is not an example of how parenting has been denaturalized in postmodern society?

Accepted Answer

Option B suggests that many mothers still choose to leave their careers to stay home and raise their children, which indicates that parenting is still seen as an important part of their natural role as women/mothers. In contrast, options A, C, and D all suggest ways in which parenting has become denaturalized in postmodern society, such as the rise of single parenting, remarriage rates and blended families, and the creation of new resources for socialization beyond biological parenting. Therefore, option B is the odd one out as it does not fit this trend.

Quiz 7: Marriage and the Family