Many 19^th Century Intellectuals Became Involved in Psychical Research Because

Many 19^th century intellectuals became involved in psychical research because:

A) as materialists, they wished to disprove Christian belief in an afterlife
B) they were worried that gullible people were being duped by fraudulent mediums
C) they thought that so-called "psychic phenomena" were really evidence of the presence of humanoid space aliens
D) they wanted to find empirical evidence supporting the existence of a human soul and its survival