Question 1

Which of the following is NOT part of an exercise prescription?
A) Intensity
B) Duration
C) Anti-inflammatory drugs
D) Warm up/stretching
E) Frequency

Accepted Answer

Anti-inflammatory drugs are not part of an exercise prescription. The other options (intensity, duration, warm up/stretching, frequency) are all important components of an exercise prescription.

Question 2

How do you determine if you are becoming more fit? A) Running faster up hills B) Increasing VO₂max C) Increasing the maximum weight of an arm curl D) Eating more protein shakes E) Decreasing time to completion for certain tasks

Accepted Answer

B

Question 3

When exercising at close to VO₂max, where is energy mostly coming from? A) Fats from adipose tissue (fat cells) B) Fats stored in muscle tissue C) Glucose being taken up in the gut D) Muscle glycogen E) Fats released from serum proteins

Accepted Answer

When exercising at close to VO₂max, energy is mostly coming from muscle glycogen. At this high intensity, the body relies on carbohydrates for fuel, specifically glycogen stored in the muscles. Glycogen is the body's primary energy source for high-intensity exercise, and is stored in the muscles and liver. Fats from adipose tissue and released from serum proteins are used as energy sources during lower intensity exercise. Glucose from the gut is also used for energy, but this process takes time and is not the primary source at high intensity.

Question 4

choose from the following answer choices:
-Have sufficient mitochondria for oxidative metabolism
A) Type 1 muscle fibers
B) Type IIa muscle fibers
C) Type IIx muscle fibers
D) Types 1 and IIa muscle fibers
E) Types IIa and IIx muscle fibers

Accepted Answer

Types 1 and IIa muscle fibers have sufficient mitochondria for oxidative metabolism. Type 1 fibers are slow-twitch, designed for endurance and efficient in using oxygen to generate ATP for long-duration contraction. Type IIa fibers, although fast-twitch, are also oxidative and can sustain activity for longer periods than Type IIx fibers, which are fast-twitch fibers designed for short bursts of speed or strength but have less capacity for oxidative metabolism.

Question 5

choose from the following answer choices:
-Are white due to lack of myoglobin
A) Type 1 muscle fibers
B) Type IIa muscle fibers
C) Type IIx muscle fibers
D) Types 1 and IIa muscle fibers
E) Types IIa and IIx muscle fibers

Accepted Answer

Type IIx muscle fibers are known as "white" fibers due to their lack of myoglobin, which is a protein that binds oxygen and gives muscle its red color. Type I fibers are rich in myoglobin, making them "red" fibers, and Type IIa fibers, while less rich in myoglobin than Type I, still contain more myoglobin than Type IIx fibers.

Question 6

choose from the following answer choices:
-Effectively use fatty acids as an energy source
A) Type 1 muscle fibers
B) Type IIa muscle fibers
C) Type IIx muscle fibers
D) Types 1 and IIa muscle fibers
E) Types IIa and IIx muscle fibers

Accepted Answer

Type 1 and IIa muscle fibers have a high oxidative capacity and can effectively use fatty acids as an energy source. Type IIx fibers have a lower oxidative capacity and rely more on glycogen as an energy source.

Question 7

choose from the following answer choices:
-Have fast-twitch activity
A) Type 1 muscle fibers
B) Type IIa muscle fibers
C) Type IIx muscle fibers
D) Types 1 and IIa muscle fibers
E) Types IIa and IIx muscle fibers

Accepted Answer

Type IIa and Type IIx muscle fibers are known for their fast-twitch activity, which is associated with quick, powerful movements. Type I fibers, in contrast, are slow-twitch and more suited for endurance activities.

Question 8

choose from the following answer choices:
-Are slow twitch and fatigue resistant
A) Type 1 muscle fibers
B) Type IIa muscle fibers
C) Type IIx muscle fibers
D) Types 1 and IIa muscle fibers
E) Types IIa and IIx muscle fibers

Accepted Answer

Slow twitch and fatigue resistant muscle fibers are typically referred to as Type 1 muscle fibers.

Question 9

The placebo effect means the subject has responded to taking a pill, even if the pill contains only an inert substance.

Accepted Answer

The placebo effect refers to the phenomenon where a person experiences a therapeutic response to an inert or sham treatment that has no active ingredients. This can occur when a person believes that they are receiving an effective treatment, causing them to experience an improvement in symptoms or feel better overall, even though the treatment is actually ineffective. So, the statement is true.

Question 10

Exercise pharmacology studies can only be done in healthy volunteers.

Accepted Answer

Exercise pharmacology studies can also be done in patients with certain medical conditions to evaluate the effects of exercise on their conditions and medications.

Question 11

One way to avoid a positive drug test and possible suspension is to refuse to take the test.

Accepted Answer

Refusing to take a drug test is typically treated as a positive result and may result in immediate suspension or other consequences. It is generally not recommended to refuse a drug test if you are subject to one.

Question 12

For most drugs on the Prohibited List, a complex test involving a blood sample is required.

Accepted Answer

For most drugs on the Prohibited List, a urine sample is required, not a blood sample. Some substances may require a blood sample, but this is not the case for the majority of substances.

Question 13

Athletes have used performance enhancing substances for centuries.

Accepted Answer

There are historical records of ancient Greek Olympians using substances such as mushrooms, strychnine, and caffeine to enhance their performance. The use of performance enhancing substances continues to be a controversial issue in modern sports.

Question 14

Regular endurance training can effect the composition of muscle fiber types.

Accepted Answer

Endurance training can lead to an increase in the proportion of slow-twitch (type I) muscle fibers in the muscles, which are better suited for endurance activities. This is typically associated with improved endurance performance.

Question 15

A meta-analysis draws upon many different research articles, effectively increasing the number of subjects for a particular outcome.

Accepted Answer

A meta-analysis combines data from multiple studies, effectively increasing the sample size and statistical power for a particular outcome.

Quiz 2: Basics of Exercise Performance

Which of the following is NOT part of an exercise prescription?

How do you determine if you are becoming more fit?

When exercising at close to VO2max, where is energy mostly coming from?

choose from the following answer choices: -Have sufficient mitochondria for oxidative metabolism

choose from the following answer choices: -Are white due to lack of myoglobin

choose from the following answer choices: -Effectively use fatty acids as an energy source

choose from the following answer choices: -Have fast-twitch activity

choose from the following answer choices: -Are slow twitch and fatigue resistant