Question 1

Which of the following is the term for internal body constancy?

Accepted Answer

Homeostasis is the term for internal body constancy, which refers to the ability of the body to maintain stable internal conditions despite external fluctuations. The other options - receptive function, involuntary response, and efferent impulses - do not refer specifically to internal body constancy.

Question 2

The central nervous system includes the brain, the peripheral nervous system, and the_________.

Accepted Answer

The spinal cord is an essential part of the central nervous system, as it serves as a pathway for transmitting signals between the brain and the rest of the body. The heart, lungs, and sexual organs are not part of the central nervous system.

Question 3

The parasympathetic nervous system dominates when the body is _______.

Accepted Answer

The parasympathetic nervous system is responsible for controlling the body's resting state activities such as digestion, metabolism, and relaxation.

Question 4

What is the definition of a reflex?

Accepted Answer

A reflex is an automatic response to a given stimulus. It is a neural pathway that bypasses the brain and goes directly to the spinal cord, resulting in a rapid response. Reflexes are important for survival as they allow for quick and automatic responses to potential dangers or threats.

Question 5

What is the function of the thalamus?

Accepted Answer

The thalamus is responsible for sorting, interpreting, and directing sensory information from the sensory organs to the appropriate areas of the brain for processing. It acts as a relay station for sensory information.

Question 6

What nerves control voluntary functions?

Accepted Answer

The somatic nervous system controls voluntary functions such as movement of skeletal muscles. The spinal nerves belong to the somatic nervous system, while the cranial nerves control both voluntary and involuntary functions. Afferent nerves are responsible for carrying sensory information to the central nervous system and do not control voluntary functions.

Question 7

In what form does the brain require both oxygen and nourishment in order to function and to survive?

Accepted Answer

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Question 8

What is the function of neurons?

Accepted Answer

Neurons are the basic building blocks of the nervous system and their main function is to transmit messages (in the form of electrical and chemical signals) to and from the brain, allowing for communication throughout the body and the processing of information. While neurons may also be involved in regulating unconscious body functions, controlling behavior patterns, and maintaining muscle tone, these functions are secondary to their primary role in communication within the nervous system.

Question 9

What is the temporal lobe primarily responsible for?

Accepted Answer

The temporal lobe is primarily responsible for the interpretation of and distinction between auditory stimuli.

Question 10

What bony coverings surround the spinal cord and protect it?

Accepted Answer

The vertebrae make up the bony coverings that surround and protect the spinal cord.

Question 11

The peripheral nervous system is divided into two parts. Describe the differences between these two parts.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The peripheral nervous system is divided into...

Question 12

Describe the functions of the nervous system.

Accepted Answer

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Question 13

Bony coverings protect both the brain and the spinal cord. List the three membranes (meninges) that provide additional protection.

Accepted Answer

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Question 14

The largest part of the brain is the cerebrum and it is covered with a thin outer layer of gray matter called the cortex. What are the three specialized areas of the cortex and their major areas of function?

Accepted Answer

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Question 15

Each hemisphere of the cerebrum is divided into lobes that contain areas related to specific functions. Discuss the different lobes and their specific functions.

Accepted Answer

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Question 16

Several parts of the cerebrum are involved in the language function. Describe the responsibilities of the Wernicke's and Broca's areas.

Accepted Answer

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Question 17

Bony coverings called vertebrae surround the spinal cord and protect it. Discuss the components of the vertebral column.

Accepted Answer

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Question 18

Nerves control both voluntary and involuntary functions in the body. Describe the two types of nerves that control these functions.

Accepted Answer

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Question 19

The autonomic nervous system is divided into two subsystems: sympathetic nervous system and parasympathetic nervous system. Describe the differences between these two systems.

Accepted Answer

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Question 20

The brain requires both oxygen and nourishment in the form of glucose in order to function and to survive. Discuss how glucose is transported to the brain.

Accepted Answer

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Quiz 3: Introduction to the Structure and Function of the Nervous System