Which one of these approaches is needed to provide evidence of a causal relationship between exercise and depression?

Question

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Prospective population studies are needed to establish a causal relationship between exercise and depression. These studies follow a group of people over time and measure changes in depression symptoms in relation to changes in exercise levels. This type of study is able to control for other factors that may impact depression, such as genetics or life events, and is able to establish a temporal relationship between exercise and depression. Cross-sectional studies, focus groups, and online questionnaire studies may provide useful information, but they cannot establish causality.

Which One of These Approaches Is Needed to Provide Evidence