Question 1

Tabitha often gets frustrated. She honks her horn and yells at other drivers and will throw her racket if she gets beat playing tennis. Tabitha would probably be best described as

Accepted Answer

Tabitha's behavior of getting frustrated easily, honking her horn and yelling at other drivers, and throwing her racket when she loses a game of tennis are all characteristic of a Type A personality. Type A individuals tend to be competitive, impatient, and easily agitated, which aligns with Tabitha's behavior.

Question 2

Max engages in regular aerobic exercise. Relative to those who do not exercise, Max is likely to

Accepted Answer

Regular aerobic exercise has been shown to improve cognitive function, memory, and attention, as well as reduce the risk of developing cognitive impairment and dementia.

Question 3

Type A is to Type B as

Accepted Answer

The answer of Type A is to Type B as
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Question 4

Research on Type A and Type B personalities provides support for the notion that

Accepted Answer

The research on Type A and Type B personalities suggests that Type A individuals, who tend to be competitive, impatient, and highly self-critical, are more prone to stress-related illnesses such as heart disease. This supports the idea that psychological factors can be related to physical health.

Question 5

Which personality variable is most associated with cardiovascular disease?

Accepted Answer

Type A personality is characterized by hostility, competitiveness, impatience, and time urgency, which are all associated with increased risk for cardiovascular disease. This personality type is also known to experience elevated levels of stress hormones, such as cortisol and adrenaline, which can contribute to the development of coronary artery disease. Extroversion, type B personality, and generativity have not been consistently linked to cardiovascular disease.

Question 6

Joy reads a note on her desk that says, "Joy, come to my office immediately. Signed, The Boss." Joy immediately interprets this message as a threat to her job and her livelihood and is not sure she can deal with it. Joy's interpretation of this note exemplifies

Accepted Answer

Joy's immediate interpretation of the message as a threat reflects her initial appraisal of the situation. Appraisal refers to the cognitive evaluation or interpretation of a situation, which can trigger emotions and subsequent coping mechanisms.

Question 7

What appears to be the main reason why your Type A or Type B behavioral pattern influences your recovery rate following a heart attack?

Accepted Answer

Type A and Type B behavioral patterns affect motivation and adherence to post-attack health suggestions, ultimately impacting recovery rates. This is because Type As are often more driven, competitive, and impatient, which may lead them to resist slowing down and taking time for self-care after a heart attack. Type Bs, on the other hand, tend to be more relaxed and laid-back, which may make them less likely to consistently follow through with medication and lifestyle changes recommended by their healthcare team.

Question 8

Sylvester has a Type A behavior pattern and Stallone has a Type B behavior pattern. Which statement is true?

Accepted Answer

Type A behavior is associated with a higher risk of cardiovascular disease and poorer recovery prognosis, while Type B behavior is associated with a lower risk and better recovery.

Question 9

If there were a phrase that would describe Stacy, it would be "laid back." She rarely gets frustrated or angry, could care less about "climbing the corporate ladder," and is satisfied taking "life as it comes." Stacy is best described as exhibiting

Accepted Answer

Stacy's personality traits, as described in the passage, are consistent with those of Type B behavior. Type B individuals are characterized as being more laid back, relaxed, and less competitive than their Type A counterparts. They are also typically less prone to experiencing negative emotions like frustration and anger, as mentioned in the passage about Stacy. Conversely, Type A individuals are more driven, competitive, and prone to experiencing negative emotions, making Option D incorrect. Option A is incorrect because neuroticism refers to a personality trait characterized by anxiety, worry, and moodiness - traits that are not attributed to Stacy, as described in the passage. Option C, "stagnation," is not a recognized personality trait or behavior type.

Question 10

Dr. Zorba is giving 44-year-old Annette an intelligence test. Annette finds that she really likes answering the questions because they seem to be based on her life experiences. Dr. Zorba is most likely attempting to assess Annette's

Accepted Answer

The fact that Annette finds the questions based on her life experiences interesting and enjoys answering them suggests that Dr. Zorba is assessing her practical intelligence, which is the ability to solve real-world problems using knowledge gained from experience. Generativity refers to a concern for the welfare of future generations, ego resilience is the ability to adapt to stressors and bounce back from adversity, and fluid intelligence is the ability to reason and solve new problems independent of previously acquired knowledge.

Question 11

Coping is defined as

Accepted Answer

Coping is the various ways people try to manage the stresses in their lives, and it includes any attempt to deal with stress, whether or not it is repeated or successful. Therefore, option A is the best choice as it provides the most comprehensive definition of coping.

Question 12

A person's maximum heart rate is calculated by subtracting his or her age from

Accepted Answer

The formula commonly used to calculate maximum heart rate is 220 minus age. Therefore, the correct answer is C) 220.

Question 13

Aerobic exercise is defined as a pulse rate between ____ percent of a person's maximum rate.

Accepted Answer

The aerobic exercise is defined as a pulse rate between 60-90% of a person's maximum rate. This range is considered optimal for improving cardiovascular fitness and endurance. At this intensity, the body is able to use oxygen efficiently to produce energy for the muscles.

Question 14

Which runner is engaging in aerobic exercise?

Accepted Answer

Aerobic exercise typically involves moderate intensity exercise that elevates heart rate and breathing, but is sustainable for extended periods of time. A heart rate of 130 in a 50-year-old suggests moderate intensity exercise, while heart rates of 210, 100, and 50 in the other runners may suggest higher or lower intensity exercise, or a medical condition.

Question 15

Stress has been shown to decrease

Accepted Answer

The answer of Stress has been shown to decrease
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Question 16

Exercise

Accepted Answer

Exercise has been shown to have numerous benefits for physical health, but it also has a significant impact on the aging process. Regular physical activity can help to maintain muscle mass, decrease inflammation, and improve cellular function, all of which can slow down the aging process. Therefore, option B is the best choice. Option A is incorrect as exercise is related to physical health. Option C is partially correct, but it understates the impact of exercise on aging. Option D is incorrect, as exercise can be beneficial for people over 50 years old.

Question 17

Though Elsa does not score particularly high on traditional intelligence tests, she is very good at understanding income tax forms, can deal well with all different kinds of people, and is a good troubleshooter around the home and office. Elsa exhibits

Accepted Answer

Elsa's skills in understanding income tax forms, dealing with different types of people, and troubleshooting around the home and office are indicative of practical intelligence, which involves the ability to adapt to and solve real-life problems in various contexts. This type of intelligence is not necessarily captured by traditional intelligence tests, which focus more on abstract reasoning abilities (i.e. fluid intelligence). Therefore, Choice D, practical intelligence, is the best answer.

Question 18

____ intelligence is defined as involving the skills and knowledge necessary for adapting to one's physical and social environment.

Accepted Answer

Practical intelligence refers to the abilities and knowledge needed for day-to-day tasks, problem-solving, and adaptation to one's environment. It involves skills such as decision-making, common sense, and interpersonal communication. Fluid intelligence, on the other hand, refers to the ability to reason and think abstractly, while traditional intelligence refers to general cognitive ability measured by intelligence tests. Unexercised intelligence is not a recognized concept in psychology.

Question 19

Which statement is true?

Accepted Answer

Research has consistently shown that individuals with high levels of self-esteem tend to experience lower levels of stress. This is because they are better equipped to handle difficult situations, have a more positive outlook, and feel more in control of their lives. Low self-esteem, on the other hand, can lead to feelings of helplessness, hopelessness, and negative self-talk, all of which are associated with higher levels of stress.

Question 20

Heather is experiencing a great deal of stress. She has tried relaxation training, thinking about life events in a different way, and even talking to her friends. All of these strategies are best classified as attempts at

Accepted Answer

The strategies of relaxation training, cognitive restructuring, and seeking social support are all examples of coping mechanisms, which are efforts made to manage or reduce stress. Repression refers to the unconscious blocking of painful experiences or emotions, while stagnation refers to a lack of growth or change. Appraisal refers to the process of evaluating and interpreting stressful events.

Quiz 13: Making It in Midlife: The Biopsychosocial Challenges of Middle Adulthood