Question 1

Which of these was important in spreading Martin Luther's religious ideas?
A) Morley's Triumphes of Oriana
B) the telescope
C) Shakespeare's Hamlet
D) the printing press

Accepted Answer

The printing press was instrumental in spreading Martin Luther's religious ideas throughout Europe by allowing for the mass production and distribution of translated religious texts.

Question 2

Which would one most likely hear at a Lutheran church service?
A) a mass composed by Palestrina
B) a madrigal sung in four parts
C) a congregation singing a hymn in German
D) a motet with a Latin text

Accepted Answer

Lutheran churches often use hymns in their services, and many Lutheran churches have a strong German heritage, so the hymns may be sung in German. The other options (A, B, and D) are more commonly associated with Catholic or Anglican church services.

Question 3

Which Renaissance work would most likely have been encountered at the court of Elizabeth I?
A) El Greco painting the monarch's portrait
B) a performance of Palestrina's Mass of Pope Marcellus
C) a theater set designed by Palladio
D) performance of a motet by William Byrd

Accepted Answer

William Byrd was a prominent English Renaissance composer and a Catholic during the reign of Elizabeth I, so it is likely that a performance of his music would have been encountered at court. The other options, although also examples of Renaissance art, are not as closely tied to Elizabethan England as Byrd's music.

Question 4

Which of these works was dedicated to England's Elizabeth I?
A) Morley's Triumphes of Oriana
B) Luther's A Mighty Fortress is Our God
C) Shakespeare's Hamlet
D) Calvin's Institutes of the Christian Religion

Accepted Answer

Morley's Triumphes of Oriana is a collection of madrigals dedicated to Queen Elizabeth I, also known as Oriana, in 1601. The other options are not related to the dedication of this work to Queen Elizabeth I.

Question 5

What composer is most closely associated with the conservative Catholic reaction against the Reformation?
A) William Byrd
B) Giovanni Gabrieli
C) Giovanni da Palestrina
D) Thomas Morley

Accepted Answer

Giovanni da Palestrina is known as the "Prince of Music" and was a prominent composer during the Counter-Reformation, creating music that reflected the ideals of the conservative Catholic Church's response to the Protestant Reformation.

Question 6

Which action came as a result of the Counter-Reformation?
A) Columbus' voyages to the New World
B) innovations in theatrical set design
C) censorship of artistic subjects
D) Francis I's support of Reformation ideas

Accepted Answer

The Counter-Reformation was a response by the Catholic Church to the Protestant Reformation, which sought to reform and challenge some of the beliefs and practices of the Catholic Church. One of the actions taken during the Counter-Reformation was the censorship of artistic subjects, particularly those that could be seen as questioning or challenging Catholic doctrine. This led to a shift in artistic style and themes, with many artists focusing on more religious and conservative subjects.

Question 7

In what phenomenon did the Florentine Camerata play an important role?
A) the development of a new theatrical art called opera
B) the evolution of oil painting as a medium of secular art
C) the reform of sacred music in Rome and Venice
D) the stylistic innovations of mannerism

Accepted Answer

The Florentine Camerata played an important role in the development of a new theatrical art called opera. They sought to revive classical Greek drama and proposed the use of singing to enhance the emotional impact of the text, leading to the creation of the first operas.

Question 8

Which term is associated with the musical works of Giovanni Gabrieli, composed for performance in St. Mark's of Venice?
A) operatic
B) polychoral
C) baroque
D) mannerist

Accepted Answer

Polychoral. Gabrieli's works were composed for multiple choirs and instrumental groups, known as polychoral music. This style was popular during the Renaissance period and was commonly used in churches, such as St. Mark's of Venice where Gabrieli worked.

Question 9

Which Renaissance work is best categorized as mannerist--the conscious manipulation and distortion of high Renaissance techniques?
A) Dürer's Self-Portrait
B) Parmigianino's Madonna with the Long Neck
C) Palladio's Villa Rotonda
D) Bruegel's The Hunters' Return

Accepted Answer

Parmigianino's Madonna with the Long Neck is a prime example of mannerist art due to its exaggerated proportions and distorted figures. The elongated neck of the Madonna and the small size of the baby Jesus are intentional distortions of the high Renaissance style, emphasizing the artist's deliberate manipulation of the traditional norms.

Question 10

Which statement best describes the music of Palestrina?
A) directly appealed to emotions of worshippers
B) pioneered the use of multiple choirs
C) rejected intermingling of sacred and secular music
D) attempted to involve church congregations in musical worship

Accepted Answer

Palestrina was known for his sacred music, which followed the principles of the Counter-Reformation movement in rejecting the intermingling of sacred and secular music. The focus was on creating music that was conducive to religious worship, without overly emotional or theatrical elements. While Palestrina did use multiple choirs in some compositions, this was not a defining characteristic of his music. Similarly, his goal was not to directly appeal to the emotions of worshippers or involve congregations in musical worship, although his music was certainly intended to inspire religious devotion.

Question 11

Which artist was the author of the Four Books of Architecture, an important influence on later architectural classicism?
A) Giorgione
B) Andrea Palladio
C) Jacopo Tintoretto
D) Giovanni da Palestrina

Accepted Answer

Andrea Palladio was the author of the Four Books of Architecture, which was published in 1570 and became an important influence on later architectural classicism.

Question 12

The Teatro Olimpico illustrates the influence of what Renaissance technique, borrowed from painting?
A) commedia dell'arte
B) linear perspective
C) blank verse
D) chiaroscuro

Accepted Answer

The Teatro Olimpico in Vicenza, Italy was designed by Andrea Palladio in 1580 and is famous for its use of linear perspective to create the illusion of depth on stage. This technique, borrowed from painting, was a hallmark of Renaissance art and architecture.

Question 13

Which statement best describes Titian's late Renaissance masterpiece Bacchus and Ariadne, painted to decorate a duke's country home in Ferrara, Italy?
A) follows Counter-Reformation's demands in its choice of a traditional Christian subject
B) creates a quiet, dream-like mood by the use of a country setting
C) manipulates the rules of linear perspective to create an off-center focal point
D) creates a lively pagan scene through use of exuberant primary colors

Accepted Answer

Titian's "Bacchus and Ariadne" is renowned for its vibrant use of color to depict a dynamic and lively pagan scene, showcasing the moment Bacchus, the god of wine, falls in love with Ariadne. This use of exuberant primary colors is a hallmark of the painting, distinguishing it from the more subdued palettes often found in religious works of the period.

Question 14

Which statement best describes El Greco's Burial of Count Orgaz?
A) shows biblical characters in contemporary dress and setting
B) combined Renaissance technique with intense religious feeling
C) remarkable in its psychological insights into the painter's self
D) characterized by harmonious geometric shapes and lines
E) shows the painter's avoidance of religious subjects

Accepted Answer

El Greco's Burial of Count Orgaz combines Italian Renaissance technique with intense religious feeling, clearly seen in the elongated figures and use of vibrant colors, making it a masterpiece of Spanish Mannerism.

Question 15

Summarize the Reformation's disagreements with traditional Catholic beliefs.

Accepted Answer

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Question 16

Identify the most important political and economic factors in the rise of the Northern Renaissance.

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Question 17

Compare Northern Renaissance painting with the Italian Renaissance in style and subject.

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Question 18

Characterize the Christian humanism of northern Europe, as represented by the thought of Erasmus.

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Question 19

Describe the social and religious circumstances that led to the success of Elizabethan theater.

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Question 20

Compare the mood and style of the late Renaissance in Venice to the arts and music of the High Renaissance.

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Quiz 8: Reformation and Late Renaissance

Which of these was important in spreading Martin Luther's religious ideas?

Which would one most likely hear at a Lutheran church service?

Which Renaissance work would most likely have been encountered at the court of Elizabeth I?

Which of these works was dedicated to England's Elizabeth I?

What composer is most closely associated with the conservative Catholic reaction against the Reformation?

Which action came as a result of the Counter-Reformation?

In what phenomenon did the Florentine Camerata play an important role?

Which term is associated with the musical works of Giovanni Gabrieli, composed for performance in St. Mark's of Venice?

Which Renaissance work is best categorized as mannerist--the conscious manipulation and distortion of high Renaissance techniques?

Which statement best describes the music of Palestrina?

Which artist was the author of the Four Books of Architecture, an important influence on later architectural classicism?

The Teatro Olimpico illustrates the influence of what Renaissance technique, borrowed from painting?

Which statement best describes Titian's late Renaissance masterpiece Bacchus and Ariadne, painted to decorate a duke's country home in Ferrara, Italy?

Which statement best describes El Greco's Burial of Count Orgaz?