Question 1

Discuss the administration of the Persian Empire.What factors do you believe contributed to the establishment of this form of administration?

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Question 2

Around 2125 b.c.e.the Sumerian city of Ur rose to dominance.It remained that way for approximately a century.In what ways did the Sumerian culture and literature flourish during this time? What finally ended this period of dominance?

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Question 3

Through his prophet ________, the Hebrew god provided humans with regulations that would enable them to live in peace and justice.

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Question 4

The Assyrians spoke a ________ language closely related to Babylonian.

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Question 5

The greatest achievement of Cambyses was the conquest of Egypt, establishing it as a ________, or province.

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Question 6

During the Old Kingdom from 2700 to 2200 b.c.e., a pharaoh was king and was also considered a ________.

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Question 7

In the approximately 400-year period of prosperity known as the Old Kingdom, pyramids were erected as tombs for the pharaohs.Describe details about these pyramids.What did they represent? What technical skill did they demonstrate? How were the items left inside the pyramids meaningful for the afterlife?

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Question 8

The Persians adopted ________ as their official language, the most common language of Middle Eastern commerce.

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Question 9

The greatest contribution of the Jews is the development of monotheism-the belief in one universal God, the creator and ruler of the universe.Juxtapose monotheism with the more common practice of polytheism-the worship of many gods.What are the perceived "advantages" of monotheism? What are the "disadvantages"? Explain.

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Question 10

Ancient historians tended to focus on particular aspects of civilization when compiling their histories.If you were to write the history of one of the ancient Near Eastern Empires, what would be your primary focus? Would it be architecture, religion, or political structures? Explain the reasoning behind your answer.

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Question 11

By the early seventh century b.c.e., under the leadership of ________, the Medes and Babylonians successfully destroyed the Assyrian Empire.

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Question 12

________ is the belief in one universal God, the creator and ruler of the universe.

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Question 13

The most famous colony founded by the Phoenicians was that of ________, near modern Tunis in North Africa.

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Question 14

The Greek historian ________ analyzed and explained human behavior completely in terms of human nature and chance, leaving no place for the gods or supernatural forces.

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Question 15

The collapse of the Old Kingdom in about 2200 b.c.e.resulted in the First Intermediate Period.This was followed by the Second Intermediate Period in approximately 1630 b.c.e.-a time of imperial glory.Compare and contrast these two periods.

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Question 16

Egyptian religious views were varied and often included contradictions.Solar cults developed in a mostly rain-free area.The afterlife was considered to be full of danger, which could be overcome with spells listed in the Book of the Dead.Explain how these factors caused contradictory religious beliefs during this time period.

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Question 17

Before the Israelites arrived in Palestine, the land was inhabited by groups of people speaking a Semitic language called ________.

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Question 18

Throughout the Paleolithic Age, the human population had been small and relatively stable.With the shift from food gathering to food production, however, populations grew exponentially over a period of time.As modern humanity continues to exploit the environment with more efficient methods of agriculture and other means of food production, are we in danger of overpopulating the earth? Will we once again be subject to the same ecological and natural constraints that balanced the Paleolithic population? Apply the chief characteristics of the Neolithic Revolution to modern-day society and decide whether or not the aforementioned scenarios are plausible.

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Question 19

The civilizations of the ancient Near East were almost exclusively located next to rivers such as the Tigris, the Euphrates, and the Nile.In what way was this geographical factor important? How was it important to the environment and meaningful to the governmental development of societies?

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Question 20

The civilizations of the Mideast differed greatly from those of the Greeks in religion, philosophy, science, law, politics, and government.Discuss these views and what effect these views had on the lives of the people in the Mideast.

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Quiz 1: The Birth of Civilization