Question 1

The following nutrition diagnosis is written in what type of format: "Poor glycemic control is related to skipping use of oral hypoglycemic agents as evidenced by random blood glucose levels greater than 200 mg/dl".

Accepted Answer

The nutrition diagnosis "Poor glycemic control is related to skipping use of oral hypoglycemic agents as evidenced by random blood glucose levels greater than 200 mg/dl" is written as a PES statement (P is problem, E is etiology, S is signs or symptoms). Problem = poor glycemic control, Etiology = skipping use of oral hypoglycemic agents, S = blood glucose levels greater than 200 mg/dl.

Question 2

Age-associated bone loss among the elderly:

Accepted Answer

Age-associated bone loss among the elderly affects both trabecular (spongy) and cortical (hard) bone. Age-associated bone loss may be slowed by calcium supplementation, through may not be reversed. Bone loss is slowed by weight-bearing exercise, such as walking, aerobics, and weight training, and accelerated by the use of steroid drugs.

Question 3

Brown adipose tissue performs what function in the body:

Accepted Answer

Brown adipose tissue is believed to regulate heat production and body temperature, particularly in infants who are susceptible to hypothermia. White adipose tissue is the major type of fat in the body. It protects internal organs from injury, stores triglycerides, and makes up the essential fat that supports many metabolic processes.

Question 4

Which of the following is a common side effect of immunosuppressive drug therapy used in organ transplantation?

Accepted Answer

Hyperkalemia (elevated potassium levels) is a common side effect of immunosuppressive drug therapy used in organ transplantation, as a result of disturbances in renal hormone activity. Sodium and fluid retention and hypophosphatemia are also side effects of immunosuppressive drugs.

Question 5

Diets rich in omega-3 fatty acids reduce the inflammation of arthritis through the action of which intermediary:

Accepted Answer

Diets rich in omega-3 fatty acids reduce the inflammation of arthritis through the action of prostaglandin 3, an intermediary compound formed in omega-3 metabolism. Arachidonic acid is an omega-6 fatty acid which forms prostaglandin 2, responsible for increased inflammation.

Question 6

The dietary treatment which may be most effective for symptoms of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is:

Accepted Answer

The dietary treatment which may be most effective for reducing the symptoms of polycystic ovary syndrome is a low glycemic index diet with omega-3 fatty acid supplementation. PCOS is a common endocrine disorder in teenage girls that is characterized by weight gain and abnormal blood sugar levels. Eating a diet based on low glycemic index foods helps to stabilize blood sugar, and omega-3 fatty acids can help regulate hormone levels.

Question 7

A food frequency questionnaire differs from a 24-hour recall in what way:

Accepted Answer

A food frequency questionnaire differs from a 24-hour recall because it does not ask about typical meal patterns. A food frequency questionnaire asks about intakes of different types of foods and usual portion sizes over time, and does not allow open-ended responses. The types of foods asked about on a food frequency questionnaire may be changed to reflect the population of interest.

Question 8

Nutrient needs of infants diagnosed with bronchopulmonary dysplasia:

Accepted Answer

Nutrient needs of infants diagnosed with bronchopulmonary disease are linked with linear growth (a measure of lung development), may include a resting energy expenditure that is 50% higher than that of normal infants, and may include the use of diuretics to regulate water balance. Bronchopulmonary disease is a common lung disorder in premature infants which increases energy needs. Diuretics are often needed to regulate water balance as a result of respiratory compromise.

Question 9

Which of the following is true for reactive hypoglycemia?

Accepted Answer

In reactive hypoglycemia peak insulin activity occurs 90-180 minutes after food is eaten, vs. the normal insulin response which occurs 30-60 minutes after eating. Reactive hypoglycemia is defined as a plasma glucose level than 50 mg/dl, is treated with a moderate carbohydrate (40 to 55%) diet, and is diagnosed by measuring blood glucose levels immediately after eating.

Question 10

The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) has which of the following objectives?

Accepted Answer

The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) collects dietary data using 24-hour recalls, from Americans aged 2 months to 65+ years of age. NHANES objectives do not include identification of low birth weight infants or treatment for elevated lipid levels.

Quiz 1: American Clinical Board of Nutrition