Question 1

Match the following
-Substances entering the cell

Accepted Answer

Substances for building complex molecules and substances which act as energy sources are important for cellular processes such as metabolism and growth. Oxygen is also essential for cellular respiration, which produces ATP, the primary energy source for cells.

Answer: A
 Maintaining a steady temperature, pH between 7.35 and 7.45, and electrolyte balance are crucial for cellular homeostasis and proper function.

Answer: C
 Ammonia and carbon dioxide are waste products that need to be eliminated from the cell. They can be toxic if allowed to accumulate.

Question 2

Match the following
-Waste products leaving the cell

Accepted Answer

Ammonia and carbon dioxide are waste products leaving the cell. Choices A and B are not waste products, but rather describe the conditions necessary for a healthy cell.

Question 3

Match the following
-Conditions which allow life to continue

Accepted Answer

Conditions A) are necessary for life to continue because they provide the stable environment that cells need to function properly.

Question 4

Which of the following terms is used to describe the breakdown of complex molecules into simpler ones?

Accepted Answer

Catabolism is the term used to describe the breakdown of complex molecules into simpler ones, usually resulting in the release of energy. Anabolism, on the other hand, is the process of building complex molecules from simpler ones, often requiring energy input. Synthesis refers to the process of combining simpler molecules to form more complex ones, and homeostasis is the maintenance of a stable internal environment within an organism.

Question 5

Is the following statement true or false? 'The basic building blocks of proteins are phospholipids'

Accepted Answer

The basic building blocks of proteins are amino acids, not phospholipids. Phospholipids are a type of lipid, not a component of proteins.

Question 6

What term is used to describe the metabolic mechanism whereby complex molecules are manufactured from simpler molecules?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What term is used to describe the...

Question 7

Which of the following applies to a compound that is a sugar?

Accepted Answer

Sugars are a type of carbohydrate, so choice A is correct. Peptide bonds are not found in sugars, so choice B is incorrect. While sugars may play a role in the structural units of cells, it is not a major component, so choice C is incorrect.

Question 8

Which of the following molecules is the primary energy store in living cells?

Accepted Answer

ATP (adenosine triphosphate) is the primary energy store in living cells. It is used to power many cellular processes, including muscle contraction, protein synthesis, and ion transport. DNA and RNA are involved in genetic information storage and protein synthesis, but are not directly involved in cellular energy storage. Cyclic AMP (adenosine monophosphate) is a secondary messenger molecule involved in various signaling pathways within the cell.

Question 9

What term is used to describe the maintenance of a constant internal environment in the cell or body?

Accepted Answer

Homeostasis is the term used to describe the maintenance of a constant internal environment within the cell or body. This includes the regulation of temperature, pH, water balance, and other metabolic functions to ensure that the organism and its cells function properly. Equilibrium refers to a state of balance between different substances or processes, but homeostasis specifically refers to the maintenance of a stable internal environment. pH balance is a component of homeostasis, but it is not the overarching term. Oxidative phosphorylation is a metabolic process that occurs within cells, but it is not related to the maintenance of homeostasis.

Question 10

Which of the following pH ranges best matches the pH range found in the majority of body fluids?

Accepted Answer

The majority of body fluids have a pH range of 7.35-7.45, which is slightly basic. This range is important for maintaining proper biological function, as many enzymes and biochemical reactions work optimally within this pH range.

Question 11

Which of the following lists the correct sequence of levels forming the structural hierarchy of the body?

Accepted Answer

This is the correct sequence of levels in the structural hierarchy of the body. The chemical level is the smallest and simplest level, followed by cellular, tissue, organ, organ system, and then the highest level, the organism. Option A is incorrect because it places the cellular level after the organ system level, which is incorrect. Option B is incorrect because it places the organism level before the organ level. Option D is incorrect because it reverses the order from smallest to largest, starting with organism and ending with chemical.

Question 12

Which of the following groups of organs are found in the abdominopelvic cavity?

Accepted Answer

The abdominopelvic cavity contains organs such as the gallbladder, stomach, and small intestine. The spinal cord, lungs, heart, and brain are located in other cavities of the body.

Question 13

What does the term proximal mean when applied to an organ?

Accepted Answer

Proximal, when applied to an organ, means nearer to the point of attachment of a limb or the origin of a body part.

Question 14

Match the numbers on the diagram of the female pelvic region to the correct organs and structures
-

Accepted Answer

The answer of Match the numbers on the diagram of...

Question 15

Match the numbers on the diagram of the male pelvic region to the correct organs and structures
-

Accepted Answer

The answer of Match the numbers on the diagram of...

Question 16

Match the numbers on the diagram of the respiratory system to the correct organs and structures
-

Accepted Answer

The answer of Match the numbers on the diagram of...

Question 17

Which of the following organelles of a cell increase the surface area to facilitate absorption of extracellular materials?

Accepted Answer

Microvilli are small finger-like projections on the surface of certain cells, particularly those that need to absorb nutrients from the environment. They increase the surface area of the cell membrane, which facilitates the absorption of extracellular materials. The endoplasmic reticulum is responsible for protein and lipid synthesis, while cilia are hair-like structures that help to move particles across the surface of the cell. Lysosomes are organelles that contain digestive enzymes and are involved in the breakdown of cellular waste.

Question 18

What would be the result if a cell lacked ribosomes?

Accepted Answer

Ribosomes are responsible for synthesising proteins, so if a cell lacked ribosomes it would be unable to synthesise proteins.

Question 19

Which compounds (1) form the inherited genetic material inside each cell and (2) relay instructions from the genes to guide protein synthesis?

Accepted Answer

DNA forms the inherited genetic material inside each cell and RNA relays instructions from the genes to guide protein synthesis. ATP and ADP are energy storage molecules and are not directly involved in genetic material or protein synthesis.

Question 20

Which cell organelle is the main location for the production of useable energy in the form of ATP?

Accepted Answer

Mitochondria are known as the powerhouse of the cell because they are the main site for the production of ATP (adenosine triphosphate), which is the energy currency of the cell. This process occurs through cellular respiration.

Quiz 1: Essentials of Anatomy and Physiology for Nursing Practice

Match the following -Substances entering the cell

Match the following -Waste products leaving the cell

Match the following -Conditions which allow life to continue

Which of the following terms is used to describe the breakdown of complex molecules into simpler ones?

Is the following statement true or false? 'The basic building blocks of proteins are phospholipids'

What term is used to describe the metabolic mechanism whereby complex molecules are manufactured from simpler molecules?

Which of the following applies to a compound that is a sugar?

Which of the following molecules is the primary energy store in living cells?

What term is used to describe the maintenance of a constant internal environment in the cell or body?

Which of the following pH ranges best matches the pH range found in the majority of body fluids?

Which of the following lists the correct sequence of levels forming the structural hierarchy of the body?

Which of the following groups of organs are found in the abdominopelvic cavity?

What does the term proximal mean when applied to an organ?

Match the numbers on the diagram of the female pelvic region to the correct organs and structures -

Match the numbers on the diagram of the male pelvic region to the correct organs and structures -

Match the numbers on the diagram of the respiratory system to the correct organs and structures -

Which of the following organelles of a cell increase the surface area to facilitate absorption of extracellular materials?

What would be the result if a cell lacked ribosomes?

Which compounds (1) form the inherited genetic material inside each cell and (2) relay instructions from the genes to guide protein synthesis?

Which cell organelle is the main location for the production of useable energy in the form of ATP?