Question 1

Which of the following is true regarding Initial instructions that are highly detailed?

Accepted Answer

Highly detailed initial instructions can challenge a learner's attentional capacity because they may overwhelm the learner with too much information at once, making it difficult to focus on and process all the details.

Question 2

What does an external focus do?

Accepted Answer

An external focus directs a learner's attention to the effects of their actions on the environment, which can enhance performance by promoting automaticity and reducing self-focus.

Question 3

Which of the following statements is true?

Accepted Answer

The learner's attention should be directed at information rich areas to learn critical environmental regulatory cues. This will help the learner develop an implicit understanding of the environment that will help regulate subsequent movements. Conscious awareness is not necessary and providing a variety of performance situations that contains critical environmental regulatory cues is beneficial for learning. Instructors should not instruct the learner to focus on specific environmental cues but rather encourage them to develop their own attentional focus.

Question 4

Which of the following techniques would be optimal to check for understanding?

Accepted Answer

Asking specific questions helps ensure that learners have understood the instructions, as it requires them to actively recall and apply the information.

Question 5

What is the name of the theory that suggests the development of a cognitive representation of a skill from seeing a demonstration or model?

Accepted Answer

The social cognitive theory of observational learning, proposed by Albert Bandura, suggests that people can learn new behaviors by observing others. This theory emphasizes the role of cognitive processes in learning from models or demonstrations.

Question 6

What is the key to the use of a learning model?

Accepted Answer

The key to the use of a learning model is for the observer to view another learner practicing the skill, while also receiving feedback from the instructor. This allows the observer to both see the correct execution of the skill and understand the specific corrections and adjustments that need to be made in order to improve. Therefore, choice D, which includes both aspects of observation and feedback, is the best option.

Question 7

Which of the following is true with respect to sound?

Accepted Answer

All three options are true. Consequent sounds can help learners diagnose errors by providing a frame of reference for what the correct sound should be. Sound can also be used to emphasize the internal rhythm of a skill, making it easier for learners to understand and replicate the action. Additionally, sound can supplement a demonstration by providing auditory cues that reinforce visual information.

Question 8

Which of the following should be avoided when giving a demonstration?

Accepted Answer

Using vague phrases like "like this" and "like that" can lead to confusion as they do not provide clear, specific instructions or descriptions, which are crucial for effective demonstrations.

Question 9

_________emphasizes movement exploration

Accepted Answer

A hands-off approach emphasizes movement exploration by allowing learners to explore and discover movements on their own, rather than being directly instructed or guided by someone else.

Question 10

Which of the following is true?

Accepted Answer

Focusing the learner's attention on the critical elements of a motor skill being learned is important for efficient skill acquisition. This allows the learner to develop a strong mental representation of the skill and improve the accuracy and consistency of their movements. Option A is incorrect because beginning learners may not always be able to distinguish relevant and non-relevant stimuli on their own. Option B is not always true, as other strategies such as observation or instruction may be more effective for certain skills. Option D is also incorrect, as learners may need guidance in identifying both relevant and irrelevant stimuli when learning a new skill.

Question 11

When instructions are used to introduce a learner to a new skill, the practitioner should do which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Supplying only the key elements of the skill helps prevent overwhelming the learner with unnecessary information and allows them to focus on the most important aspects of the skill.

Question 12

Which of the following is true regarding effective instructions?

Accepted Answer

Effective instructions should be clear and easily understandable to the learner, regardless of their level of expertise. Highly detailed instructions may lead to confusion and overwhelm the learner, while technical terminology may only be appropriate in certain contexts and may also confuse the learner. Expertise is certainly helpful for giving effective instructions, but it is not a requirement.

Question 13

An internal focus of attention directs a learner to do which of the following?

Accepted Answer

An internal focus of attention directs a learner to concentrate on a specific body movement, such as the position of their arms or the movement of their hips.

Question 14

Which of the following is NOT true of verbal cues?

Accepted Answer

Verbal cues are specific instructions or phrases used to guide someone's movement or action, aiming to improve the execution of a task. They are not the same as key elements, which refer to the fundamental aspects or components of a technique or skill. Verbal cues are designed to highlight or prompt these key elements, but they are distinct in their purpose and application.

Question 15

How should the initial demonstration be performed?

Accepted Answer

The answer of How should the initial demonstration be performed?
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Question 16

What does a learning model emphasize?

Accepted Answer

A learning model emphasizes movement exploration, which involves exploring and experimenting with different ways to perform a skill in order to find the best solution for each individual. This is in contrast to movement imitation, which involves simply copying a model without considering individual differences, and movement replication, which involves repeating the same movement pattern over and over again. Movement time is not directly related to the emphasis of a learning model.

Question 17

When demonstrating the free throw, the learners should be positioned so that they can view the shot from where?

Accepted Answer

Demonstrating a free throw from multiple viewing angles allows learners to gain a comprehensive understanding of the technique, including foot positioning, hand placement, and the trajectory of the ball. This approach caters to different learning styles and helps in grasping the nuances of the skill more effectively.

Question 18

Which of the following is the LEAST effective formation?

Accepted Answer

A full circle formation can be the least effective because it may create blind spots or gaps in the defense where attackers can penetrate through. The semi-circle and two lines formations are both effective as they provide a wider field of vision and allow for better communication and coordination among the defensive team.

Question 19

Movement patterns can be shaped by manipulating which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Movement patterns can be shaped by manipulating rules, equipment, and playing area dimensions. For example, changing the size of the playing area in soccer can affect the movement patterns of the players, as they may have to cover a greater distance to cover the field. Similarly, changing the rules of a game, such as allowing for more dribbling in basketball, can also affect the movement patterns of the players. Finally, changing the equipment used, such as using heavier or lighter tennis rackets, can also affect the movement patterns of the players.

Question 20

Which of the following is important to do before skill instruction begins?

Accepted Answer

Capturing the learner's undivided attention is important before skill instruction begins because it helps ensure that the learner is focused and receptive to the information being presented. Without attention, the learner may miss important information or not fully engage with the skill being taught. While the other answer choices (performing a demonstration, giving feedback, and engaging in imagery) may also be important aspects of skill instruction, they are not necessarily prerequisites to beginning instruction.

Quiz 8: Skill Presentation