Question 1

A community health nurse is developing educational materials related to nutrition. Which of the following resources would be most appropriate for the nurse to use? (select all that apply)

Accepted Answer

The most current food and nutrition recommendations are found using the dietary reference intakes (DRIs) and MyPlate. These two resources replaced the previously issued recommended dietary allowances (RDAs) and MyPyramid.

Question 2

Which of the following causes of death is/are directly associated with diet? (select all that apply)

Accepted Answer

Four leading causes of death directly associated with diet are coronary heart disease (CHD), some types of cancer, stroke, and diabetes mellitus. Four more major causes of death-accidents, cirrhosis of the liver, suicide, and homicide-are associated with excessive alcohol intake.

Question 3

Which of the following people is at greatest risk for a hip fracture secondary to osteoporosis?

Accepted Answer

White postmenopausal women have the greatest prevalence of osteoporosis and incidence of hip fracture by gender and race.

Question 4

A community health nurse is preparing an educational brochure about improving the nutritional behaviors of Americans. Which of the following topics would most likely be included in the brochure? (select all that apply)

Accepted Answer

Fewer than 15% of adults and 10% of adolescents eat the recommended amounts of fruits and vegetables every day. Sixty-three percent of adults and 84% of adolescents consume at least one sugar-sweetened drink each day. Most American adults consume more than twice the recommended average daily sodium intake level.

Question 5

A community health nurse is educating health care providers in a local clinic about steps to take to help their clients improve their health-related behaviors. Which of the following would be included as the nurse teaches about the acronym LEARN?

Accepted Answer

LEARN refers to the steps nurses can take to help the person who needs to improve health-related behavior. L = Listen with sympathy and understanding to the person's perception of the problem, E = Explain personal perceptions of the problem, A = Acknowledge and discuss differences and similarities, R = Recommend treatment, N = Negotiate an agreement.

Question 6

A person has been diagnosed with salmonellosis. Which of the following symptoms would the person most likely exhibit? (select all that apply)

Accepted Answer

Symptoms of salmonellosis include abdominal cramping, mild to severe diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, and fever within 8 to 72 hours after infection. Bloody diarrhea is more likely seen with E. coli infection.

Question 7

A nurse is counseling a person who was recently diagnosed with diabetes about how to prevent the complications of this disease. Which of the following interventions would be stressed the most by the nurse?

Accepted Answer

Medicine may be used to control blood glucose level, and measuring the blood glucose daily helps in controlling its level. But the key to maintaining diabetic control is individualized medical nutrition therapy, the purpose of which is to delay or prevent diabetic complications.

Question 8

A school nurse is using height and weight measurements to calculate the body mass index (BMI) of the students. How will the nurse use these data?

Accepted Answer

Body mass index (BMI) is a helpful indicator of obesity and being underweight. Height and weight measurements are needed in the calculation to determine BMI. BMI is a good indicator of body fat, but it cannot be interpreted as a specific percentage of body fat. BMI is used to screen and monitor a population to detect the risk of health or nutritional disorders. In an individual, other data must be used to determine if a high BMI is associated with increased risk of disease; BMI alone is not diagnostic. The growth charts released in 2000 by the CDC more accurately reflect the nation's cultural and racial diversity, but there is not a different chart for each ethnic background.

Question 9

Which of the following individuals would be at greatest risk to develop Type 2 diabetes?

Accepted Answer

Risk factors for Type 2 diabetes include: having prediabetes (impaired glucose tolerance [IGT] and/or impaired fasting glucose [IFG]), age greater than 45, being overweight or obese, not exercising regularly, having a family history of diabetes, a personal history of gestational diabetes or a baby of at least 9 pounds at birth, other risk factors such as high blood pressure, a low HDL cholesterol or high triglycerides, and one's race and ethnicity. The White, 50-year-old woman who is obese and gave birth to a child weighing 10 pounds has the most risk factors of the clients described.

Question 10

A nurse is conducting an initial nutritional assessment on a person who is HIV positive. Which of the following questions would be most important for the nurse to ask?

Accepted Answer

Evidence suggests that micronutrient deficiencies are common among those with HIV and that those not taking vitamin supplementation have increased morbidity and mortality. Thus, asking about use of a daily multivitamin is the most important information for the nurse to collect. A nutrient-dense, protein-rich, well-balanced diet should be stressed as well as vitamin and mineral supplementation. Because of an altered immune function, they get sicker when exposed to food-borne organisms, so discussion about how to avoid food-borne illness is also important.

Quiz 11: Nutrition Counseling for Health Promotion