A manipulation is strong when
A) the conditions of the independent variable are found to differentially affect behavior.
B) the manipulation is sufficiently clear that participants notice it.
C) every participant in a given condition experiences the condition in essentially the same way.
D) the content of the manipulation is an accurate reflection of the hypothetical construct being manipulated.

Question

Quizplus · Accepted Answer

A manipulation is considered strong when it is able to produce differential effects on behavior based on the conditions of the independent variable. This indicates that the manipulation is able to effectively and accurately alter the construct being studied. The other choices, such as clarity of the manipulation or consistency in participant experiences, are important factors to consider but do not necessarily indicate the strength of the manipulation.

A Manipulation Is Strong When