Researchers Might Decide to Deceive Participants About the True Nature

Researchers might decide to deceive participants about the true nature of the research

A) because participants' knowledge of the purposes of the research or the procedures that are used could lead them to give artificial responses
B) to allow manipulation of an independent variable, such as inducing a participant to believe she or he is a member of a group when they really are not.
C) to study events that would be difficult to study outside the laboratory, such as by creating a simulated emergency.
D) for any of the above reasons.