Which of These Did NOT Lead to the Social Protests

Which of these did NOT lead to the social protests and urban riots in France?

A) Children and grandchildren of North African Muslim Arabs and West Africans have little access to jobs because of the highly regulated French economy.
B) The "myth of national homogeneity" that denies ethnic diversity and discrimination.
C) Underlying problems of social and political isolation, due to joblessness, discrimination, and geographical isolation in the suburban housing projects.
D) The French government's wide-ranging affirmative action policies.