According to Cloward and Ohlin, the retreatist subculture is primarily interested in crimes that bring material gain: theft, drug dealing, numbers rackets, and so on. These groups are likely to form in neighborhoods where there exists a connection between both conventional activity and theft and various moneymaking rackets.

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Cloward and Ohlin's retreatist subculture is characterized by individuals who have failed to succeed in both conventional society and the criminal underworld, often retreating into drug use and other non-utilitarian crimes, rather than focusing on crimes for material gain.

According to Cloward and Ohlin, the Retreatist Subculture Is Primarily