Historically, hate crimes were prosecuted under a number of different laws including:

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All three laws listed were historically used to prosecute hate crimes. The Civil Rights Act of 1866 granted all citizens the same rights as white citizens and allowed for criminal and civil lawsuits to be filed against those who violated the law. The Enforcement Act of 1870 allowed federal authorities to intervene in cases where states failed to protect citizens from violence and intimidation. The Civil Rights Act of 1875 prohibited discrimination in public places and provided for criminal penalties for those who interfered with individuals exercising their civil rights.

Historically, Hate Crimes Were Prosecuted Under a Number of Different