Question 1

The ____ system aids the digestive system by secreting hormones which regulate how much we eat and how quickly food and nutrients travel through the digestive system.
A) cardiovascular
B) endocrine
C) integumentary
D) nervous

Accepted Answer

The endocrine system is responsible for secreting hormones, such as ghrelin and leptin, which regulate hunger and satiety. These hormones also affect the rate at which food and nutrients travel through the digestive system. The cardiovascular system is not directly involved in digestion, the integumentary system is primarily responsible for protecting the body from external damage, and the nervous system plays a role in digestion but is not specifically responsible for regulating how much we eat or the speed of digestion.

Question 2

The pancreas is part of the endocrine system and also part of the digestive system.

Accepted Answer

The pancreas functions as both an endocrine gland (producing hormones such as insulin and glucagon) and an exocrine gland (secreting digestive enzymes into the small intestine to aid in the digestion of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats). Therefore, it is part of both the endocrine and digestive systems.

Question 3

The gastrointestinal tract is a hollow tube that begins at the mouth and ends at the colon.

Accepted Answer

The gastrointestinal tract begins at the mouth and ends at the anus, not just at the colon. The colon is part of the large intestine, which is followed by the rectum and then the anus.

Question 4

Which of the following is digested before being absorbed?
A) Minerals
B) Protein
C) Vitamins
D) Water

Accepted Answer

Protein is a macronutrient that must be broken down into its component amino acids to be absorbed by the body. This process involves digestion in the stomach and small intestine with the help of digestive enzymes. Minerals, vitamins, and water do not require digestion and are absorbed directly into the bloodstream.

Question 5

Food still in the lumen is not available for use by the cells.

Accepted Answer

Food must be absorbed into the bloodstream to be available for use by cells. It cannot be used if it is still in the lumen (the interior space of the digestive tract).

Question 6

Discuss how various other organ systems work with the digestive system to deliver nutrients and eliminate wastes.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Discuss how various other organ systems work...

Question 7

The smallest units of life are
A) atoms.
B) cells.
C) organs.
D) tissues.

Accepted Answer

The smallest units of life are cells. Cells are the basic unit of life and are capable of carrying out all the processes of life, such as metabolism, growth, reproduction, and response to stimuli. Atoms are the smallest unit of matter, while organs and tissues are composed of multiple cells working together.

Question 8

Enzymes are substrate specific, meaning that lipases will only digest lipids.

Accepted Answer

Enzymes are highly specific in their action and can only interact with a particular substrate or a group of structurally related substrates. This specificity depends on the shape, size, and chemical properties of the enzyme's active site and the substrate. Therefore, lipases will only act on lipids and cannot digest other biomolecules like proteins or carbohydrates.

Question 9

Amylase is a hormone that digests carbohydrates.

Accepted Answer

Amylase is not a hormone, it is an enzyme that helps break down carbohydrates during digestion. Hormones are chemical messengers produced by the endocrine glands that regulate various bodily functions.

Question 10

When you eat a taco, the tortilla, meat, cheese, lettuce, and tomato are broken apart, releasing the nutrients and other food components they contain. This process is called
A) absorption.
B) digestion.
C) neutralization.
D) transit.

Accepted Answer

The process described in the sentence is digestion, which is the breakdown of food into smaller components that can be absorbed by the body. Absorption refers to the process by which nutrients enter the bloodstream after being digested. Neutralization refers to the balancing of acid and base levels in the body. Transit refers to the movement of food through the digestive system.

Question 11

Sugars, amino acids, and fatty acids are absorbed into the body.

Accepted Answer

Sugars, amino acids, and fatty acids are three types of nutrients that can be absorbed from food and transported into the body through the bloodstream. This process occurs in the small intestine, where specialized cells in the intestinal lining called enterocytes are responsible for taking up these nutrients from the digestive contents and transferring them across the epithelial barrier into the circulatory system. Once in the bloodstream, these molecules can be transported to different organs and tissues where they are needed for energy, growth, and repair.

Question 12

Factors that influence transit time include all of the following EXCEPT the
a) composition of the meal.
b) emotional status of the individual.
c) use of certain medications.
d) all of these influence transit time.

Accepted Answer

All of these factors, including the composition of the meal, emotional status, and medication use, can influence transit time.

Question 13

Protein molecules that increase the rate of specific chemical reactions without themselves being changed are
A) enzymes.
B) hormones.
C) mucus.
D) nerves.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Protein molecules that increase the rate of...

Question 14

Indicate the name of each of the marked organs and describe each organ's function in the digestive system.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Indicate the name of each of the...

Question 15

The time it takes food to travel the length of the GI tract is called the transit time.

Accepted Answer

This statement is true. The transit time varies for different types of food, but on average it takes anywhere from 24-72 hours for food to move from the mouth to the rectum.

Question 16

Which of the following substances is not absorbed by the human body?
A) Amino acids
B) Fatty acids
C) Fiber
D) Sugars

Accepted Answer

Fiber is not absorbed by the human body. It remains intact as it moves through the digestive system and helps promote healthy bowel movements. Amino acids, fatty acids, and sugars are all nutrients that are absorbed by the body and used for various functions.

Question 17

_____ lubricates, moistens, and protects the cells within the mucosa.
A) Bile
B) Enzymes
C) Lumen
D) Mucus

Accepted Answer

Mucus is a viscous secretion produced by the goblet cells in the mucous membranes. It serves to lubricate and protect the cells within the mucosa, and keep them moist.

Question 18

Identify each of the structures within the digestive system.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Identify each of the structures within the...

Question 19

Which of the following is the correct order, from smallest unit to largest?
A) atoms → cells → molecules → tissues
B) atoms → molecules → cells → tissues
C) cells → molecules → tissues → cells
D) molecules → atoms → cells → tissues

Accepted Answer

Atoms, which are the basic building blocks of matter, combine to form molecules. Cells are composed of molecules and are the basic unit of life. Tissues are made up of groups of cells that work together to perform a specific function. Therefore, the correct order from smallest unit to largest is atoms → molecules → cells → tissues.

Question 20

Proteins are broken down into _____ whereas fats are digested mostly into _____.
A) amino acids, sugars
B) amino acids, fatty acids
C) fatty acids, sugars
D) glucose, vitamins

Accepted Answer

Proteins are broken down into amino acids whereas fats are digested mostly into fatty acids.

Quiz 3: Digestion: From Meals to Molecules

The ____ system aids the digestive system by secreting hormones which regulate how much we eat and how quickly food and nutrients travel through the digestive system.

The pancreas is part of the endocrine system and also part of the digestive system.

The gastrointestinal tract is a hollow tube that begins at the mouth and ends at the colon.

Which of the following is digested before being absorbed?

Food still in the lumen is not available for use by the cells.

Discuss how various other organ systems work with the digestive system to deliver nutrients and eliminate wastes.

The smallest units of life are

Enzymes are substrate specific, meaning that lipases will only digest lipids.

Amylase is a hormone that digests carbohydrates.

When you eat a taco, the tortilla, meat, cheese, lettuce, and tomato are broken apart, releasing the nutrients and other food components they contain. This process is called

Sugars, amino acids, and fatty acids are absorbed into the body.

Factors that influence transit time include all of the following EXCEPT the a) composition of the meal. b) emotional status of the individual. c) use of certain medications. d) all of these influence transit time.

Protein molecules that increase the rate of specific chemical reactions without themselves being changed are

Indicate the name of each of the marked organs and describe each organ's function in the digestive system.

The time it takes food to travel the length of the GI tract is called the transit time.

Which of the following substances is not absorbed by the human body?

_____ lubricates, moistens, and protects the cells within the mucosa.

Identify each of the structures within the digestive system.

Which of the following is the correct order, from smallest unit to largest?

Proteins are broken down into _ whereas fats are digested mostly into _.