Question 1

Which of these statements about statistical power is not true?

Accepted Answer

D

Question 2

R2 is known as the

Accepted Answer

R2 is known as the coefficient of determination, which measures the proportion of variance in the dependent variable that is predictable from the independent variable(s) in a regression model.

Question 3

What is b0 in regression analysis?

Accepted Answer

B) The value of the outcome when all of the predictors are 0. This is known as the intercept of the regression line, representing the expected value of the dependent variable when all independent variables are zero.

Question 4

A researcher measured the same group of people's physiological reactions while watching horror films and compared them to when watching erotic films. The resulting data were normally distributed. What test should be used to analyze the data?

Accepted Answer

The correct test is the Dependent (Related) t-test because the same group of people's reactions are measured under two conditions (watching horror films and watching erotic films), making the data paired.

Question 5

A researcher measured the same group of people's physiological reactions while watching horror films and compared them to when watching erotic films. The resulting data were skewed. What test should be used to analyze the data?

Accepted Answer

The Wilcoxon Signed Rank test is appropriate for comparing two related samples, especially when the data is skewed, as it is a non-parametric test.

Question 6

A researcher measured the same group of people's physiological reactions while watching horror films and compared them to when watching erotic films, and a documentary about wildlife. The resulting data were normally distributed. What test should be used to analyze the data?

Accepted Answer

The correct test is the Repeated Measures Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) because the same group of people is measured under different conditions (watching horror films, erotic films, and a wildlife documentary), which constitutes repeated measures or within-subjects design.

Question 7

A researcher measured the same group of people's physiological reactions while watching horror films and compared them to when watching erotic films, and a documentary about wildlife. The resulting data were skewed. What test should be used to analyze the data?

Accepted Answer

Friedman's ANOVA is the correct choice because it is used for analyzing data from repeated measures designs that do not meet the assumptions of normality, which aligns with the scenario of skewed data from the same group of people being measured under different conditions.

Question 8

A researcher measured people's physiological reactions while watching horror films and compared them to when watching erotic films, and a documentary about wildlife. Different people viewed each type of film. The resulting data were normally distributed and the variances across groups were similar. What test should be used to analyze the data?

Accepted Answer

The correct test to use is the Independent analysis of variance (ANOVA) because it is designed to compare means across three or more independent groups (in this case, groups watching different types of films) when the data are normally distributed and the variances across groups are similar.

Question 9

A total of 933 people were asked what their favourite type of TV programme was: news, documentary, soap or sports. They could only choose one answer. The researcher knew the number of people who preferred each category of program. How should he analyze these data?

Accepted Answer

The Chi-square test is appropriate for analyzing categorical data where individuals are categorized into mutually exclusive categories, such as preferences for types of TV programs.

Question 10

Field & Lawson (2003) reported the effects of giving 7-9-year-old children positive, negative or no information about novel animals (Australian marsupials). This variable was called 'type of information'. Each child received all three types of information about different animals. Gender of the child was also examined. The outcome was the time taken for the children to put their hand in a box in which they believed either the positive, negative, or no information animal was housed [see Field, A. P., & Lawson, J. (2003). 'Fear information and the development of fears during childhood: effects on implicit fear responses and behavioural avoidance.' Behaviour Research and Therapy, 41, 1277-1293.]. How did they analyze their data?

Accepted Answer

The study involved both within-subjects variables (type of information: positive, negative, or no information, where each child received all three types) and between-subjects variables (gender of the child). Therefore, a two-way mixed ANOVA, which can analyze the effects of both within-subjects and between-subjects variables, was the appropriate statistical method.

Quiz 37: Going Beyond Your Sample